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working-document-for-action-plan-web-consultation-november-2020-final<\/a><\/p>\n

WHO Working document
\nfor development of an action plan to
\nstrengthen implementation of the
\nGlobal Strategy to Reduce the Harmful
\nUse of Alcohol
\n14th
\nNovember 2020
\nWORKING DOCUMENT
\n\u00a9 World Health Organization 2020
\nAll rights reserved. The information contained in this document may be freely used and copied
\nfor educational and other non-commercial and non-promotional purposes, provided that any
\nreproduction of the information be accompanied by an acknowledgement of WHO as the
\nsource. Any other use of the information requires the permission from WHO, and requests
\nshould be directed to World Health Organization, Department of Mental Health and Substance
\nUse Abuse, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. The document can be downloaded
\non WHO\u2019s web site: https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/mental-health-and-substance-use\/alcohol-
\ndrugs-and-addictive-behaviours
\nThe designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply
\nthe expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization
\nconcerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or
\nconcerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
\nThis document serves as background information for a web based consultation and for regional
\ntechnical consultations with the WHO Member States in the process of development of an action
\nplan (2022-2030) to effectively implement the Global Strategy to reduce the harmful use of
\nalcohol. The World Health Organization does not warrant that the information contained in this
\npublication document is complete and correct and shall not be liable for any damages incurred
\nas a result of its use.
\nThe information in this document does not necessarily represent the stated views or policies of
\nthe World Health Organization. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material
\nlies with the reader.
\nCONTENT
\nSETTING THE SCENE………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1
\nThe Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol …………………………………………………….. 1
\nAdditional international guidance………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
\nImplementation of the Global Strategy since its endorsement ………………………………………………… 2
\nCHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GLOBAL STRATEGY………………………………………………………………….. 3
\nOPPORTUNITIES FOR REDUCING THE HARMFUL USE OF ALCOHOL……………………………………………………………….. 5
\nSCOPE OF THE ACTION PLAN……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6
\nGOAL OF THE ACTION PLAN …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7
\nPROPOSED OPERATIONAL OBJECTIVES FOR THE ACTION PLAN, GUIDING PRINCIPLES AND KEY AREAS
\nFOR GLOBAL ACTION………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7
\nACTION AREA 1: IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGH-IMPACT STRATEGIES AND INTERVENTIONS ……………… 11
\nGLOBAL TARGETS FOR ACTION AREA 1…………………………………………………………………………………………… 11
\nProposed actions for Member States ………………………………………………………………………………… 12
\nProposed actions for the WHO Secretariat…………………………………………………………………………. 12
\nProposed actions for international partners and non-State actors …………………………………………. 12
\nACTION AREA 2: ADVOCACY, AWARENESS AND COMMITMENT …………………………………………………. 13
\nGLOBAL TARGETS FOR ACTION AREA 2…………………………………………………………………………………………… 13
\nProposed actions for Member States ………………………………………………………………………………… 13
\nProposed actions for the WHO Secretariat…………………………………………………………………………. 14
\nProposed actions for international partners and non-State actors …………………………………………. 14
\nACTION AREA 3: PARTNERSHIP, DIALOGUE AND COORDINATION……………………………………………….. 15
\nGLOBAL TARGETS FOR ACTION AREA 3…………………………………………………………………………………………… 15
\nProposed actions for Member States ………………………………………………………………………………… 15
\nActions for the Secretariat ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 16
\nProposed actions for international partners and non-State actors …………………………………………. 16
\nACTION AREA 4: TECHNICAL SUPPORT AND CAPACITY-BUILDING ……………………………………………….. 17
\nGLOBAL TARGETS FOR ACTION AREA 4…………………………………………………………………………………………… 17
\nProposed actions for Member States ………………………………………………………………………………… 17
\nActions for the Secretariat ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 18
\nProposed actions for international partners and non-State actors …………………………………………. 18
\nACTION AREA 5: KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS…………………………………. 18
\nGLOBAL TARGETS FOR ACTION AREA 5…………………………………………………………………………………………… 19
\nProposed actions for Member States ………………………………………………………………………………… 19
\nActions for the Secretariat ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 20
\nProposed actions for international partners and non-State actors …………………………………………. 20
\nACTION AREA 6: RESOURCE MOBILIZATION……………………………………………………………………………… 21
\nGLOBAL TARGETS FOR ACTION AREA 6…………………………………………………………………………………………… 21
\nProposed actions for Member States ………………………………………………………………………………… 21
\nActions for the Secretariat ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 22
\nProposed actions for international partners and non-State actors …………………………………………. 22
\nANNEX 1: INDICATORS AND MILESTONES FOR ACHIEVING GLOBAL TARGETS……………………………….. 23
\nANNEX 2: WHO EXECUTIVE BOARD DECISION EB146(14) …………………………………………………………… 28
\nPage 1
\nSETTING THE SCENE
\nThe Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol
\nThe Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol was endorsed by the Sixty-third World
\nHealth Assembly in May 2010 (Resolution WHA63.13). The consensus reached on the Global
\nStrategy and its endorsement by the Health Assembly was the outcome of close collaboration
\nbetween WHO Member States and the WHO Secretariat. The process that led to the development
\nof the Global Strategy included consultations with other stakeholders, such as nongovernmental
\norganizations (NGOs) and economic operators. The Global Strategy and Health Assembly
\nResolution WHA63.13 build on several WHO global and regional strategic initiatives and represent
\nthe commitment by WHO Member States to sustained action at all levels. The strategy contains a
\nset of principles that should guide the development and implementation of policies at all levels,
\nsetting out priority areas for global action and recommending target areas for national action. The
\nstrategy gives a strong mandate to WHO to strengthen action at national, regional and global
\nlevels. The vision behind the Global Strategy is improved health and social outcomes for
\nindividuals, families and communities, with considerably reduced morbidity and mortality due to
\nthe harmful use of alcohol and the ensuing social consequences. The Global Strategy was
\ndeveloped to promote and support local, regional and global actions to prevent and reduce the
\nharmful use of alcohol (Box 1).
\nBox 1. Purpose, vision and aims of the Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of
\nAlcohol (WHO, 2010)
\nPurpose: to support and complement public health policies in Member States, including national
\nand local efforts.
\nVision: improved health and social outcomes for individuals, families and communities, with
\nconsiderably reduced morbidity and mortality due to harmful use of alcohol and their ensuing
\nsocial consequences.
\nAims: to give guidance for actions at all levels; to set priority areas for global action; and to
\nrecommend a portfolio of policy options and measures that could be considered for
\nimplementation and adjusted as appropriate at the national level, taking into account national
\ncircumstances, such as religious and cultural contexts, national public health priorities, as well as
\nresources, capacities and capabilities.
\nAdditional international guidance
\nSince the endorsement of the Global Strategy in 2010, Member States\u2019 commitment to reducing
\nthe harmful use of alcohol has been further strengthened by the adoption of the political
\ndeclarations emanating from high-level meetings of the United Nations General Assembly on
\nnoncommunicable diseases (NCDs). This included the declaration in 2011 and subsequent
\nadoption and implementation of the WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of
\nNCDs 2013\u22122020. In 2019 the World Health Assembly (in Resolution WHA72.11) extended the
\nNCD global action plan to 2030, ensuring its alignment with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
\nDevelopment. The NCD global action plan lists the harmful use of alcohol as one of four key risk
\nfactors for major NCDs. The action plan enables Member States and other stakeholders to identify
\nand use opportunities for synergies to tackle more than one risk factor at the same time, to
\nstrengthen coordination and coherence between measures to reduce the harmful use of alcohol
\nand activities to prevent and control NCDs, and to set voluntary targets for reducing the harmful
\nuse of alcohol and other risk factors for NCDs.
\nPage 2
\nFurthermore, target 3.5 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030 includes the objective
\nof strengthening the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including harmful use of
\nalcohol. This reflects the broader impact of harmful alcohol use on health beyond NCDs \u2013 in areas
\nsuch as mental health, violence, road traffic injuries and infectious diseases.
\nEvidence on the cost-effectiveness of alcohol policy options and interventions was updated in a
\nrevision of Appendix 3 to the NCD global action plan, and this appendix was endorsed by the Health
\nAssembly in Resolution WHA70.11 (2017). This resulted in a new set of enabling and
\nrecommended actions to reduce the harmful use of alcohol. The most cost-effective actions, or
\n\u201cbest buys\u201d, include increasing taxes on alcoholic beverages, enacting and enforcing bans or
\ncomprehensive restrictions on exposure to alcohol advertising across multiple types of media, and
\nenacting and enforcing restrictions on the physical availability of retailed alcohol. By prioritizing
\nthe most cost-effective policy measures, the Secretariat and partners launched the SAFER
\ninitiative. The primary objective of SAFER is to support Member States in reducing the harmful use
\nof alcohol by enhancing ongoing implementation of the Global Strategy and other WHO and
\nUnited Nations strategies. The SAFER initiative also aims to protect public health-oriented policy-
\nmaking against interference from commercial interests, to establish strong monitoring systems to
\nensure accountability, and to track progress in the implementation of SAFER policy options and
\ninterventions.
\nImplementation of the Global Strategy since its endorsement
\nSince the endorsement of the Global Strategy, its implementation has been uneven across WHO
\nregions. The number of countries with a written national alcohol policy has steadily increased and
\nmany countries have revised their existing alcohol policies. However, the presence of written
\nnational alcohol policies continues to be most common in high-income countries and least
\ncommon among low-income countries, with written national alcohol policies missing from most
\ncountries in the African Region and the Region of the Americas. The disproportionate prevalence
\nof effective alcohol control measures in higher-income countries raises questions about global
\nhealth equity; it underscores the need for more resources and greater priority to be allocated to
\nsupport the development and implementation of effective policies and actions in low- and middle-
\nincome countries.
\nBetween 2010 and 2018 no tangible progress was made in reducing total global alcohol
\nconsumption per capita; the figures for people aged 15 years and over rose from 5.5 litres of pure
\nalcohol in 2005 to 6.3 litres in 2010 and remained relatively stable at 6.2 litres in 2018. The highest
\nlevels of consumption per capita were observed in countries in the European Region. Although
\nconsumption per capita remained stable between 2010 and 2018 in the Region of the Americas
\nand the African and Eastern Mediterranean regions, it decreased in the European Region \u2013
\nsurpassing the target set in the global monitoring framework for NCDs. Consumption of alcohol
\nper capita increased, however, in the South-East Asia and Western Pacific regions.
\nThe number of drinkers declined across all WHO regions between 2010 and 2016. More than half
\nof the global population aged 15 years and older abstained from drinking alcohol during the
\nprevious 12 months. In 2016, alcohol was consumed by more than half of the population in three
\nof the six WHO regions: the Americas, European and the Western Pacific regions. Some 2.3 billion
\npeople are current drinkers. Age-standardized prevalence of heavy episodic drinking (defined as
\n60 or more grams of pure alcohol on at least one occasion at least once per month) decreased
\nglobally from 20.6% in 2010 to 18.5% in 2016 among the total population but remained high
\namong drinkers, particularly in parts of Eastern Europe and in some sub-Saharan African countries
\n(more than 60% among current drinkers). There is emerging evidence of an increase in alcohol
\nconsumption in some population groups during the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the early
\nstages of the pandemic.
\nPage 3
\nIn all WHO regions, higher alcohol consumption rates and higher prevalence rates of current
\ndrinkers are associated with the higher economic wealth of countries. However, the prevalence of
\nheavy episodic drinking is equally distributed between higher- and lower-income countries in most
\nregions. The two exceptions to this are the African Region (where rates of heavy episodic drinking
\nare higher in lower-income countries than in higher-income countries) and the European Region
\n(where, conversely, heavy episodic drinking is more frequent in high-income countries).
\nDespite some improvements in the number of age-standardized alcohol-attributable deaths and
\ndisability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in all regions except South-East Asia, the overall burden of
\ndisease attributable to alcohol consumption remains unacceptably high. In 2016, the harmful use
\nof alcohol resulted in some 3 million deaths (5.3% of all deaths) worldwide and 132.6 millionDALYs
\n(5.1% of all DALYs). Mortality from alcohol consumption is higher than from diseases such as
\ntuberculosis, HIV\/AIDS and diabetes. In 2016, an estimated 2.3 million deaths and 106.5 million
\nDALYs among men globally were attributable to alcohol consumption. For women, the figures
\nwere 0.7 million and 26.1 million, respectively. Worldwide, in 2016, alcohol was responsible for
\n7.2% of all premature mortality (in persons aged 69 years or less). Younger people were
\ndisproportionately affected by alcohol; 13.5% of all deaths among 20\u201339-year-olds in 2016 were
\nattributed to alcohol.
\nIn 2016, the age-standardized alcohol-attributable burden of disease and injury was highest in the
\nAfrican Region, whereas the proportions of all deaths and DALYs attributable to alcohol
\nconsumption were highest in the European Region (10.1% of all deaths and 10.8% of all DALYs)
\nfollowed by the Region of the Americas (5.5% of deaths and 6.7% of DALYs). Approximately 49%
\nof alcohol-attributable DALYs are due to NCDs and mental health conditions, and about 40% are
\ndue to injury.
\nAccording to the latest WHO global estimates, 283 million people aged 15 years and older \u2013 237
\nmillion men and 46 million women \u2013 live with alcohol use disorders (AUD), accounting for 5.1% of
\nthe global adult population. Alcohol dependence, as the most severe form of AUD, affects 2.6% of
\nthe world\u2019s adults, or 144 million people.
\nThe impact of the harmful use of alcohol on health and well-being is not limited to health
\nconsequences; it incurs significant social and economic losses relating to costs in the justice sector,
\ncosts from lost workforce productivity and unemployment, and costs assigned to pain and
\nsuffering. The harmful use of alcohol can also result in harm to others, such as family members,
\nfriends, co-workers and strangers. The harms to others may be concrete (e.g. injuries or damages)
\nor may result from suffering, poor health and well-being, and the social consequences of drinking
\n(e.g. being harassed or insulted, or feeling threatened).
\nOverall \u2013 despite some decreasing trends in alcohol consumption in some segments of the
\npopulation, improvements in some indicators of the disease burden attributable to alcohol
\nconsumption, and alcohol policy developments at national level \u2013 the implementation of the
\nGlobal Strategy has not resulted in considerable reductions in alcohol-related morbidity and
\nmortality and the ensuing social consequences. Globally, the levels of alcohol consumption and
\nalcohol-attributable harm continue to be unacceptably high. The impact of the COVID-19
\npandemic on the levels and patterns of alcohol consumption and related harm worldwide still
\nneed to be assessed.
\nChallenges in implementation of the Global Strategy
\nConsiderable challenges remain for the development and implementation of effective alcohol
\npolicies. These challenges relate to the complexity of the problem, differences in cultural norms
\nand contexts, and the intersectoral nature of cost-effective solutions and associated limited levels
\nPage 4
\nof political will and leadership at the highest levels of governments, as well as the influence of
\npowerful commercial interests in policy-making and implementation. These challenges operate
\nagainst a background of competing international economic commitments. Responsibility for
\ndealing with these various challenges is dispersed between different entities \u2013 including
\ngovernment departments, different professions and technical areas \u2013 which complicates
\ncoordination and cooperation at all levels.
\nThe drinking of alcoholic beverages is strongly embedded in the social norms and cultural
\ntraditions of many societies. Prevailing social norms that support drinking behaviour and mixed
\nmessages about the harms and benefits of drinking may encourage alcohol consumption, delay
\nappropriate health-seeking behaviour and weaken community action. The accumulated evidence
\nindicates that alcohol consumption is associated with inherent health risks, although these risks
\nvary significantly in magnitude and health consequences among drinkers. Awareness and
\nacceptance of the overall negative impact of alcohol consumption on a population\u2019s health and
\nsafety is low among decision-makers and the general public. This is influenced by commercial
\nmessaging and poorly-regulated marketing of alcoholic beverages which deprioritize efforts to
\ncounter the harmful use of alcohol in favour of other public health issues.
\nThe production of alcoholic beverages has become increasingly concentrated and globalized in
\nrecent decades, particularly in the beer and spirits sectors. A significant proportion of alcoholic
\nbeverages is consumed in heavy drinking occasions and by people affected by AUD, illustrating the
\ninherent contradiction between the interests of alcohol producers and public health. Strong
\ninternational leadership is needed to counter interference of commercial interests in alcohol
\npolicy development and implementation in order to prioritize the public health agenda for alcohol
\nin the face of a strong global industry and commercial interests.
\nCompeting interests across the whole of government at the country level, including interests
\nrelated to the production and trade of alcohol and government revenues from alcohol taxation
\nand sales, often result in policy incoherence and the weakening of alcohol control efforts. The
\nsituation varies at national and subnational levels and is heavily influenced by the commercial
\ninterests of alcohol producers and distributors, religious beliefs, and spiritual and cultural norms.
\nHowever, general trends towards deregulation in recent decades have often resulted in a
\nweakening of alcohol controls, to the benefit of economic interests and to the expense of public
\nhealth and welfare.
\nAlcohol remains the only psychoactive and dependence-producing substance that exerts a
\nsignificant impact on global population health that is not controlled at the international level by
\nlegally-binding regulatory instruments. This absence limits the ability of national and subnational
\ngovernments to regulate the distribution, sale and marketing of alcohol within the context of
\ninternational, regional and bilateral trade negotiations, as well as to protect the development of
\nalcohol policies from interference by transnational corporations and commercial interests. This
\nprompted calls for a global normative law on alcohol at the intergovernmental level, modelled on
\nthe WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, and discussions about the feasibility and
\nnecessity of such a legally binding international instrument.
\nInformally and illegally produced alcohol account for an estimated 25% of total alcohol
\nconsumption per capita worldwide and, in some jurisdictions, exceed half of all alcohol consumed
\nby the population. Informal and illegal production and trade are different in nature and require
\ndifferent policy and programme responses. Informal production and distribution of alcohol are
\noften embedded in cultural traditions and socioeconomic fabrics of communities. Illicit alcohol
\nproduction is associated with significant health risks and challenges for regulatory and law
\nenforcement sectors of governments. The capacity to deal with informal or illicit production,
\ndistribution and consumption of alcohol, including safety issues, is limited or inadequate,
\nPage 5
\nparticularly in jurisdictions where unrecorded alcohol makes up a significant proportion of all
\nalcohol consumed.
\nSatellite and digital marketing present a growing challenge for the effective control of alcohol
\nmarketing and advertising. Alcohol producers and distributors have increasingly moved to
\ninvesting in digital marketing and using social media platforms, which are profit-making businesses
\nwith an infrastructure designed to allow \u201cnative advertising\u201d that is data-driven and participatory.
\nInternet marketing crosses borders with even greater ease than satellite television and is not easily
\nsubjected to national-level control. In parallel with the greater opportunity for marketing and
\nselling alcohol through online platforms, delivery systems are rapidly evolving, imposing
\nconsiderable challenges on the ability of governments to control alcohol sales.
\nLimited technical capacity, human resources and funding hinder efforts in developing,
\nimplementing, enforcing and monitoring effective alcohol control interventions at all levels.
\nTechnical expertise in alcohol-control measures is often absent at national and subnational levels
\nand sufficient human and financial resources for the provision of essential technical assistance and
\ncompilation, dissemination and application of technical knowledge into practice have been grossly
\ninsufficient in WHO at all levels. Few civil society organizations prioritize alcohol as a health risk or
\nmotivate governments into action compared to organizations that support tobacco control. In the
\nabsence of philanthropic funding, and with limited resources in WHO and other intergovernmental
\norganizations, there has been little investment in capacity-building in low- and middle-income
\ncountries.
\nThe lack of sufficiently developed national systems for monitoring alcohol consumption and the
\nimpact of alcohol on health reduces the capacity of advocacy for effective alcohol-control policies
\nand for monitoring their implementation and impact.
\nOpportunities for reducing the harmful use of alcohol
\nUneven and insufficient progress with implementation of the Global Strategy can be addressed by
\nactions which are built on existing and emerging opportunities for reducing the harmful use of
\nalcohol.
\nIn recent years, alcohol consumption among young people has decreased in many countries
\nthroughout Europe and in some other high-income societies, with the exception of some
\ndisadvantaged groups. The decline seems to be continuing into the next age group as the cohort
\nages. Capitalizing on this trend offers a considerable opportunity for public health policies and
\nprogrammes. There is also a trend towards an increase in the proportion of former drinkers among
\npeople aged 15 years and above. One contributory factor is the increasing awareness of negative
\nhealth and social consequences of the harmful use of alcohol, and alcohol\u2019s causal relationships
\nwith some types of cancer, liver and cardiovascular diseases, as well as its association with
\nincreased risk of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and HIV\/AIDS. Increasing the health
\nliteracy and health consciousness of the general public provides an opportunity for strengthening
\nprevention activities and scaling up screening and brief interventions in health services.
\nWhile recognizing its negative influences and effects, social media also provides new opportunities
\nfor changing peoples\u2019 relationship with alcohol through increased awareness of the negative
\nhealth consequences of drinking, and new horizons for communication and promotion of
\nrecreational activities as an alternative to drinking and intoxication. At the same time, social media
\ncan serve as a powerful source of marketing communication and brand promotion for alcoholic
\nbeverages.
\nPage 6
\nAlcohol use and its impact on health have been increasingly recognized as factors in health
\ninequality. Within a given society, adverse health impacts and social harm from a given level and
\npattern of drinking are greater for poorer individuals and societies. Increased alcohol consumption
\ncan exacerbate health and social inequalities between genders as well as social classes. Policies
\nand programmes to reduce health inequalities and promote sustainable development need to
\ninclude sustained attention to alcohol policies and programmes.
\nThe body of evidence for the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of alcohol control measures has
\nbeen significantly strengthened in recent years. The latest economic analysis undertaken under
\nthe auspices of WHO demonstrated high returns on investment for \u201cbest buys\u201d in alcohol control.
\nEvery additional United States dollar invested in the most cost-effective interventions per person
\nper year will yield a return of US$ 9.13 by 2030, a return that is higher than a similar investment
\nin tobacco control (US$ 7.43) or prevention of physical inactivity (US$ 2.80).
\nThe COVID-19 pandemic and measures to curb virus transmission (lockdowns, stay-at-home
\nmandates) have had a significant impact on population health and well-being, as well as on
\npatterns of alcohol consumption, alcohol-related harms and the effectiveness of existing policy
\nand programme responses. The COVID-19 outbreak has underscored the importance of
\ndeveloping appropriate alcohol policy responses, alcohol-focused activities and interventions
\nduring public health emergencies. This will have important implications for reducing not only the
\nharmful use of alcohol at national, regional and global levels, but also the alcohol-related health
\nburden and demand for health service interventions during the pandemic.
\nSCOPE OF THE ACTION PLAN
\nThe Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol was recognized by WHO Member States
\nat the 146th session of the Executive Board (2020) (Annex 2) as continuing to be relevant (a report
\non a review of the Global Strategy will be submitted in 2030), but resources and capacities for its
\nimplementation in WHO and some Member States do not correspond to the magnitude of the
\nhealth and social burden. Alcohol marketing, advertising and promotional activities of alcoholic
\nbeverages are of deep concern, including those implemented through cross-border marketing,
\nand targeting young people and adolescents. The development of an action plan (2022\u22122030) was
\nrequested by the decision of the WHO Executive Board to implement the Global Strategy as a
\npublic health priority. When endorsing the Global Strategy in 2010, the World Health Assembly
\naffirmed that it aims to give guidance for action at all levels and to set priority areas for global
\naction. The Strategy also provides a portfolio of policy options and measures that could be
\nconsidered for implementation at the national level at the discretion of each Member State,
\ndepending on national contexts, priorities and resources. As stated in paragraph 59 of the Global
\nStrategy, its successful implementation requires concerted actions by Member States, effective
\nglobal governance and appropriate engagement of all relevant stakeholders. Hence, the proposed
\nscope of key elements for developing the action plan includes specific actions and measures to be
\nimplemented at global level, in line with key roles and components of global action as formulated
\nin the Global Strategy. The action plan will also include proposed actions for Member States,
\ninternational partners and non-State actors to be considered for implementation at the national
\nlevel. The action plan contains specific targets, indicators and proposed actions for all
\nstakeholders, developed on the basis of lessons learned from implementation of the Global
\nStrategy over the last 10 years, and with a timeline extended to 2030 in line with the timeline of
\nthe 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The action plan is linked to and aligned with other
\nrelevant global action plans, including the Mental health action plan, the Global action plan for
\nprevention and control of NCDs, the Global action plan on the public health response to dementia,
\nand the Global plan of action to address interpersonal violence.
\nPage 7
\nWHO aims to ensure that by 2023 1 billion more people enjoy better health and well-being, 1
\nbillion more people are better protected from health emergencies and a further 1 billion more
\npeople benefit from universal health coverage. These goals indicate strategic directions for WHO
\nin protecting and promoting population health worldwide. In the context of reducing the harmful
\nuse of alcohol, these goals can be translated into the objectives of: 1) increasing the proportion of
\npopulations that are protected from the harmful use of alcohol by effective alcohol control
\npolicies; 2) increasing the capacity of countries to address the harmful use of alcohol during health
\nemergencies (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) by appropriate policy and programme responses;
\nand 3) increasing the proportion of people with AUD and comorbid conditions benefitting from
\nuniversal health coverage.
\nGOAL OF THE ACTION PLAN
\nThe goal of the action plan is to boost effective implementation of the Global Strategy as a public
\nhealth priority and considerably reduce morbidity and mortality due to alcohol use \u2013 over and
\nabove general morbidity and mortality trends \u2013 as well as associated social consequences.
\nEffective implementation of the action plan at regional levels may require development or
\nelaboration and adaptation of region-specific action plans. Emphasis is also needed on
\ncoordination within the Secretariat so that all actions aimed at reducing the harmful use of alcohol
\nare in line with the Global Strategy and the action plan to strengthen its implementation.
\nPROPOSED OPERATIONAL OBJECTIVES FOR THE ACTION PLAN,
\nGUIDING PRINCIPLES AND KEY AREAS FOR GLOBAL ACTION
\nThe proposed operational objectives of the action plan 2022\u22122030 and the proposed action areas
\nare based on the objectives of the Global Strategy (Box 2) and the four key components of global
\naction to reduce the harmful use of alcohol effectively (Box 3). However, the proposed operational
\nobjectives of the action plan are not identical to those of the Global Strategy. This reflects the
\naction-oriented nature of the action plan, as well as more recent goals and objectives of other
\nrelevant global strategies and action plans, and lessons learned in implementing the Global
\nStrategy since its endorsement.
\nBox 2. Objectives of the Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol (WHO, 2010)
\n(a) Raised global awareness of the magnitude and nature of the health, social and economic
\nproblems caused by harmful use of alcohol, and increased commitment by governments to act to
\naddress the harmful use of alcohol;
\n(b) strengthened knowledge base on the magnitude and determinants of alcohol-related harm
\nand on effective interventions to reduce and prevent such harm;
\n(c) increased technical support to, and enhanced capacity of, Member States for preventing the
\nharmful use of alcohol and managing alcohol use disorders and associated health conditions;
\n(d) strengthened partnerships and better coordination among stakeholders and increased
\nmobilization of resources required for appropriate and concerted action to prevent the harmful
\nuse of alcohol;
\nPage 8
\n(e) improved systems for monitoring and surveillance at different levels, and more effective
\ndissemination and application of information for advocacy, policy development and evaluation
\npurposes.
\nIt is widely acknowledged that implementation of the Global Strategy is uneven, and the overall
\nburden of disease and injuries attributable to alcohol consumption remains unacceptably high.
\nSubstantial progress with attainment of the goal and objectives of the Global Strategy can be
\nachieved only through implementation of high-impact cost-effective alcohol control measures
\nfrom the 10 target areas recommended in the Global Strategy for national policies and
\ninterventions (Box 4) at the national level. These target areas are not only supportive of and
\ncomplementary to each other, but are strongly interlinked with the four components for global
\naction.
\nBox 3. Global action: key components (Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of
\nAlcohol. WHO, 2010)
\n1. Public health advocacy and partnership. International public health advocacy and
\npartnership are needed for strengthened commitment and abilities of the governments
\nand all relevant parties at all levels for reducing the harmful use of alcohol worldwide.
\n2. Technical support and capacity-building. Many Member States need increased capacity
\nand capability to create, enforce and sustain the necessary policy and legal frames and
\nimplementation mechanisms. Global action will support national action through the
\ndevelopment of sustainable mechanisms and the provision of the necessary normative
\nguidance and technical tools for effective technical support and capacity-building, with
\nparticular focus on developing and low- and middle-income countries.
\n3. Production and dissemination of knowledge. Important areas for global action will be
\nmonitoring trends in alcohol consumption, alcohol-attributable harm and the societal
\nresponses, analysing this information and facilitating timely dissemination. Available
\nknowledge on the magnitude of harmful use of alcohol, and effectiveness and cost-
\neffectiveness of preventive and treatment interventions should be further consolidated
\nand expanded systematically at the global level, especially information on epidemiology
\nof alcohol use and alcohol-related harm, impact of harmful use of alcohol on economic
\nand social development and the spread of infectious diseases in developing and low- and
\nmiddle-income countries.
\n4. Resource mobilization. The magnitude of alcohol-attributable disease and social burden
\nis in sharp contradiction with the resources available at all levels to reduce harmful use of
\nalcohol. Global development initiatives must take into account that developing and low-
\nand middle-income countries need technical support \u2013 through aid and expertise \u2013 to
\nestablish and strengthen national policies and plans for the prevention of harmful use of
\nalcohol and develop appropriate infrastructures, including those in health-care systems.
\nBox 4. Recommended target areas for policy measures and interventions at the national level
\n(Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol. WHO, 2010)
\nArea 1. Leadership, awareness and commitment
\nArea 2. Health services\u2019 response
\nArea 3. Community action
\nArea 4. Drink-driving policies and countermeasures
\nArea 5. Availability of alcohol
\nPage 9
\nArea 6. Marketing of alcoholic beverages
\nArea 7. Pricing policies
\nArea 8. Reducing the negative consequences of drinking and alcohol intoxication
\nArea 9. Reducing the public health impact of illicit alcohol and informally produced alcohol
\nArea 10. Monitoring and surveillance
\nOperational objectives of the action plan:
\n1. Increase population coverage and implementation of high-impact policy options and
\ninterventions to reduce the harmful use of alcohol worldwide for better health and well-
\nbeing.
\n2. Strengthen multisectoral action through effective governance, enhanced political
\ncommitment and leadership, dialogue and coordination of multisectoral action.
\n3. Enhance prevention and treatment capacity of health and social care systems for disorders
\ndue to alcohol use and associated health conditions as an integral part of universal health
\ncoverage and aligned with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its health
\ntargets.
\n4. Raise awareness of risks and harms associated with alcohol consumption at all levels as
\nwell as of effectiveness of different policy options to reduce consumption and related
\nharm.
\n5. Strengthen information systems and research for monitoring alcohol consumption,
\nalcohol-related harm and policy responses at all levels with dissemination and application
\nof information for advocacy, policy development and evaluation purposes.
\n6. Significantly increase mobilization of resources required for appropriate and sustained
\naction to reduce the harmful use of alcohol at all levels.
\nOperational principles for global action:
\nThe Global Strategy includes guiding principles for the development and implementation of
\nalcohol policies at all levels (Box 5). The guiding principles listed in the Strategy can be
\ncomplemented by operational action-oriented principles to be included in the global action plan.
\nThe following principles and approaches are presented here for consideration:
\n\u2022 Multisectoral action
\n\u2022 Universal health coverage
\n\u2022 Life course approach
\n\u2022 Protection from commercial interests
\n\u2022 Evidence-based approach
\n\u2022 Equity-based approach
\nPage 10
\n\u2022 Human rights approach
\n\u2022 Empowering of people and communities
\nBox 5. Guiding principles (Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol. WHO,
\n2010)
\nPrinciple 1 Public policies and interventions to prevent and reduce alcohol-related harm
\nshould be guided and formulated by public health interests and based on clear
\npublic health goals and the best available evidence.
\nPrinciple 2 Policies should be equitable and sensitive to national, religious and cultural
\ncontexts.
\nPrinciple 3 All involved parties have the responsibility to act in ways that do not undermine
\nthe implementation of public policies and interventions to prevent and reduce
\nharmful use of alcohol.
\nPrinciple 4 Public health should be given proper deference in relation to competing
\ninterests and approaches that support that direction should be promoted.
\nPrinciple 5 Protection of populations at high risk of alcohol-attributable harm and those
\nexposed to the effects of harmful drinking by others should be an integral part
\nof policies addressing the harmful use of alcohol.
\nPrinciple 6 Individuals and families affected by the harmful use of alcohol should have
\naccess to affordable and effective prevention and care services.
\nPrinciple 7 Children, teenagers and adults who choose not to drink alcoholic beverages
\nhave the right to be supported in their nondrinking behaviour and protected
\nfrom pressures to drink.
\nPrinciple 8 Public policies and interventions to prevent and reduce alcohol-related harm
\nshould encompass all alcoholic beverages and surrogate alcohol.
\nKey areas for global action:
\nTo achieve the above-mentioned goal and objectives, the following key areas are proposed for
\naction by Member States, the WHO Secretariat, international and national partners and, as
\nappropriate, other stakeholders:
\nAction area 1: Implementation of high-impact strategies and interventions
\nAction area 2: Advocacy, awareness and commitment
\nAction area 3: Partnership, dialogue and coordination
\nAction area 4: Technical support and capacity-building
\nAction area 5: Knowledge production and information systems
\nAction area 6: Resource mobilization.
\nPage 11
\nThe first action area, focusing on implementation of high-impact, cost-effective interventions
\nsummarized in the WHO SAFER technical package, is the key for successful achievement of the
\nglobal action plan goal: to reduce considerably morbidity and mortality due to alcohol use over
\nand above general morbidity and mortality trends.
\nACTION AREA 1: IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGH-IMPACT STRATEGIES
\nAND INTERVENTIONS
\nLimited global progress achieved so far in reducing the harmful use of alcohol (or no progress at
\nall in some parts of the world) can be explained by insufficient uptake, implementation and
\nenforcement of the most effective and cost-effective alcohol policies and interventions. The goal
\nof considerably reducing morbidity and mortality due to alcohol use over and above general
\nmorbidity and mortality trends and associated social consequences can be achieved by increasing
\npopulation coverage and strengthening implementation of measures with proven effectiveness
\nthat can be implemented in countries with different levels of available resources.
\nThe WHO-led SAFER initiative is based on effective and cost-effective policy options and
\ninterventions which are summarized in Appendix 3 of the Global Action Plan for the Prevention
\nand Control of NCDs and endorsed by the 70th
\nWorld Health Assembly. The SAFER initiative
\nincludes the following policy options and interventions:
\n\u2022 Strengthen restrictions on alcohol availability
\n\u2022 Advance and enforce drink-driving countermeasures
\n\u2022 Facilitate access to screening, brief interventions and treatment
\n\u2022 Enforce bans or comprehensive restrictions on alcohol advertising, sponsorship and
\npromotion
\n\u2022 Raise prices on alcohol through excise taxes and other pricing policies.
\nGlobal targets for Action area 1
\nGlobal target 1.1: By 2030, 75% of countries have introduced and\/or strengthened and sustainably
\nenforced implementation of high-impact policy options and interventions.1
\nGlobal target 1.2: At least a x% relative reduction in alcohol per capita (among those aged 15
\nyears and older) consumption by 2025 and a x% relative reduction by 2030.2
\nGlobal target 1.3: By 2030, 80% of the world\u2019s population are protected from the harmful use of
\nalcohol by sustained implementation and enforcement of high-impact policy options with due
\nconsideration of national contexts, priorities and available resources.
\n1
\nIncluded in the SAFER technical package.
\n2
\nThe target figures for this indicator are to be defined on the basis of analysis of the WHO data on
\nalcohol consumption.
\nPage 12
\nProposed actions for Member States
\nAction 1. Based on the evidence of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of policy measures, to prioritize
\nsustainable implementation, continued enforcement, monitoring and evaluation of high-impact policy
\noptions included in the WHO SAFER technical package.
\nAction 2. Ensure that development, implementation and evaluation of alcohol policy measures are based on
\npublic health goals and the best available evidence and are protected from interference from
\ncommercial interests.
\nAction 3. Strengthen or develop national systems to monitor implemented alcohol policy measures and
\ninterventions in conjunction with monitoring alcohol consumption and related harm to assess the
\nimpact of implemented policy measures and interventions.
\nAction 4. Build or strengthen and support broad partnerships and intragovernmental and intergovernmental
\nmechanisms for collaboration across different sectors for implementation of high-impact policy
\noptions.
\nProposed actions for the WHO Secretariat
\nAction 1. Provide policy guidance, advocacy and, as required, technical assistance for the development,
\nimplementation and evaluation of effective and cost-effective policy options, and continue to lead
\nimplementation of the SAFER initiative in collaboration with WHO partners.
\nAction 2. Periodically review the evidence of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of alcohol policy options and
\ninterventions and formulate and disseminate recommendations for reducing the harmful use of
\nalcohol.
\nAction 3. Further develop and strengthen broad international partnerships on reducing the harmful use of
\nalcohol and support international mechanisms for intersectoral collaboration with United Nations
\nentities, civil society, academia and professional organizations.
\nAction 4. Maintain dialogues with representatives of economic operators in the area of alcoholic beverage
\nproduction and trade on how they can best contribute to the reduction of alcohol-related harm within
\ntheir core roles.
\nAction 5. Strengthen global monitoring of implementation of the Global Strategy and the proposed action plan
\nto reduce the harmful use of alcohol with a focus on high-impact strategies and interventions and
\nreport periodically on progress achieved.3
\nProposed actions for international partners and non-State actors
\nAction 1. Major partners within the United Nations system and intergovernmental organizations are invited to
\nincrease collaboration and cooperation with WHO on the development, implementation and
\nevaluation of high-impact policy measures, and by joining the WHO-led SAFER initiative.
\nAction 2. Civil society organizations and academia are invited to strengthen advocacy and support for
\nimplementation of high-impact policy options by creating enabling environments, promoting the
\nSAFER initiative, strengthening global and regional networks and action groups, developing and
\nstrengthening accountability frameworks, and monitoring activities and commitments of economic
\noperators in alcohol production and trade.
\nAction 3. Economic operators in alcohol production and trade are invited to focus on their core roles as
\ndevelopers, producers, distributors, marketers and sellers of alcoholic beverages, and refrain from
\nactivities that may prevent, delay or stop the development, enactment and enforcement of high-
\nimpact strategies and interventions to reduce the harmful use of alcohol. Economic operators in
\nalcohol production and trade, as well as economic operators in other relevant sectors (such as retail,
\nadvertisements, social media and communication), are encouraged to contribute to the elimination
\nof marketing and sales of alcoholic beverages to minors and targeted commercial activities towards
\nother high-risk groups.
\n3
\nProposed indicators for monitoring implementation of high-impact interventions are included in
\nAnnex 1.
\nPage 13
\nACTION AREA 2: ADVOCACY, AWARENESS AND COMMITMENT
\nStrategic and well-developed international communication and advocacy are needed to raise
\nawareness about alcohol-related harm and the effectiveness of policy measures among decision-
\nmakers and the general public in order to increase their support for faster implementation of the
\nGlobal Strategy. Special efforts and activities are needed to mobilize different stakeholders for
\ncoordinated actions to protect public health and foster broad political commitment to reduce the
\nharmful use of alcohol.
\nIt is necessary to raise awareness among decision-makers and the general public about the risks
\nand harms associated with alcohol consumption. Appropriate attention should be given to
\npreventing the initiation of drinking among children and adolescents and protecting people from
\npressures to drink, especially in societies with high levels of alcohol consumption where heavy
\ndrinkers are encouraged to drink even more. An international day of awareness on the harmful
\nuse of alcohol or a \u201cWorld no alcohol day\u201d could help to focus and reinforce public attention on
\nthe problem. Public health advocacy is more likely to succeed if it is well supported by evidence
\nand based on emerging opportunities, and if the arguments are free from moralizing. The
\ninternational discourse on alcohol policy development and implementation should not be limited
\nto NCDs but should be expanded to include other areas of health and development such as injuries,
\nviolence, infectious diseases and a \u201charm to others\u201d perspective. Modern communication
\ntechnologies and multimedia materials are needed for successful advocacy and behavioural
\nchange campaigns, including social media engagement.
\nSuch awareness, along with the development and enforcement of alcohol policies, needs to be
\nprotected from interference by commercial interests. Appropriate mechanisms that involve
\nacademics and civil society must be set up to systematically monitor such interference and
\nactivities of the industry.
\nGlobal targets for Action area 2
\nGlobal target 2.1: By 2030, 75% of countries have developed and enacted a written national
\nalcohol policy that is based on best available evidence and supported by legislative measures for
\neffective implementation of high-impact strategies and interventions.
\nGlobal target 2.2: By 2030, 50% of countries are periodically producing national reports on alcohol
\nconsumption, alcohol-related harm and effective policy responses targeting decision-makers and
\nthe general public.
\nProposed actions for Member States
\nAction 1. Based on evidence of the nature and magnitude of alcohol-attributable public health problems,
\nadvocate for the development and implementation of high-impact strategies, interventions and other
\nactions to prevent and reduce alcohol-related harm. This includes a special emphasis on protecting at-
\nrisk populations and those affected by the harmful drinking of others, preventing initiation of drinking
\namong children and adolescents, and reducing the levels of alcohol consumption among drinkers.
\nAction 2. Develop, strengthen and update as necessary and implement national alcohol policies with legislative
\nmeasures to support high-impact strategies and interventions.
\nAction 3. Advocate for appropriate attention, congruous with the magnitude of related public health problems,
\nto reducing the harmful use of alcohol in multisectoral policies and frameworks as well as in national,
\neconomic, environmental, agricultural and other relevant policies and action plans.
\nAction 4. Include a commitment to reduce the harmful use of alcohol and its impact on health and well-being in
\nhigh-level national developmental and public health strategies, programmes and action plans, and
\nsupport the creation and development of advocacy coalitions.
\nAction 5. Regularly produce national reports on alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm targeting
\ndecision-makers and the general public with information on alcohol\u2019s contribution to specific health
\nPage 14
\nand social problems and dissemination of information through available modern communication
\ntechnologies.
\nAction 6. Increase awareness of the health risks of alcohol use and related overall impact on health and well-
\nbeing through strategic, well-developed and long-term communication activities, including an option
\nof a national alcohol awareness day to be implemented by public health agencies and organizations
\nand involving countering misinformation and using targeted communication channels, including social
\nmedia platforms.
\nAction 7. Ensure appropriate consumer protection measures through development and implementation of
\nlabelling requirements for alcoholic beverages which display essential information on ingredients,
\ncaloric value and health warnings.
\nAction 8. Support education, training and networking activities on reducing the harmful use of alcohol for
\nrepresentatives of authorities at different levels, health professionals, civil society organizations and
\nthe media.
\nProposed actions for the WHO Secretariat
\nAction 1. Raise the priority given to the alcohol-attributable health and social burden and effective policy
\nresponses in the agendas of high-level global, regional and other international forums, meetings and
\nconferences of international and intergovernmental organizations, professional associations and civil
\nsociety groups, and seek inclusion of alcohol policies in relevant social and development agendas.
\nAction 2. Continue monitoring the magnitude of public health problems caused by the harmful use of alcohol by
\ncollecting relevant information from Member States, international agencies and other information
\nsources, and supporting estimates of alcohol-attributable disease burden at global, regional and
\nsubregional levels.
\nAction 3. Develop and implement an organization-wide communication plan to support actions to reduce the
\nharmful use of alcohol reflecting emerging challenges (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), targeting
\ndifferent population groups and using different communication channels.
\nAction 4. Prepare and disseminate every 4\u22125 years global status reports on alcohol and health to raise
\nawareness of the alcohol-attributable burden and advocate for appropriate action at all levels.
\nAction 5. Develop, test and disseminate technical and advocacy tools for effective communication of consistent,
\nscientifically sound and clear messages about alcohol-attributable health and social problems and
\neffective policy and programme responses. Review, update and disseminate WHO nomenclature and
\ndefinitions of alcohol-related terms, particularly in the area of alcohol policy and monitoring.
\nAction 6. Develop the international standards for labelling of alcoholic beverages to inform consumers about
\nthe content of the products and the health risks associated with their consumption.
\nAction 7. To facilitate dialogue and information exchange regarding the impact of international aspects of the
\nalcohol market on the alcohol-attributable health burden, advocate for appropriate consideration of
\nthese aspects by parties in international trade negotiations and seek international solutions within the
\nWHO\u2019s mandate if appropriate actions to protect the health of populations cannot be implemented.
\nProposed actions for international partners and non-State actors
\nAction 1. Major partners within the United Nations system and intergovernmental organizations are invited to
\ninclude activities for reducing the harmful use of alcohol in their agendas and ensure support for
\npolicy coherence between health and other sectors in international multisectoral policies, strategies
\nand frameworks, as well as proper deference of public health interests in relation to competing
\ninterests.
\nAction 2. Civil society organizations, professional associations and academia are invited to scale up their
\nactivities in support of global, regional and national awareness and advocacy campaigns, as well as in
\ncountering misinformation about alcohol use and its associated health risks. They are also invited to
\nmotivate and engage different stakeholders, as appropriate, in the implementation of effective
\nstrategies and interventions to reduce the harmful use of alcohol, and to monitor activities which
\nundermine effective public health measures.
\nAction 3. Economic operators in alcohol production and trade as well as operators in other relevant sectors of
\nthe economy are invited to take concrete steps, where relevant, towards eliminating the marketing
\nand advertising of alcoholic products to minors, refrain from promoting drinking, eliminate and
\nprevent any positive health claims, and ensure, within co-regulatory frameworks, the availability of
\neasily-understood consumer information on the labels of alcoholic beverages (including composition,
\nage limits, health warning and contraindications for alcohol use).
\nPage 15
\nACTION AREA 3: PARTNERSHIP, DIALOGUE AND COORDINATION
\nNew partnerships and the appropriate engagement of all relevant stakeholders are needed to
\nbuild capacity and support implementation of practical and focused technical packages that can
\nensure returns on investments within a \u201cHealth for All\u201d approach. Increased coordination between
\nhealth and other sectors such as finance, transport, communication and law enforcement is
\nrequired for implementation of effective multisectoral measures to reduce the harmful use of
\nalcohol. The new WHO-led SAFER initiative and partnership to promote and support
\nimplementation of \u201cbest buys\u201d, alongside other recommended alcohol-control measures at the
\ncountry level, can invigorate action in countries through coordination with WHO\u2019s partners within
\nand outside the United Nations system. Effective alcohol control requires a \u201cwhole of
\ngovernment\u201d and \u201cwhole of society\u201d approach with clear leadership by the public health sector
\nand appropriate engagement of other governmental sectors, civil society organizations, academic
\ninstitutions and, as appropriate, the private sector. There is a need to strengthen the role of civil
\nsociety in alcohol policy development and implementation.
\nGlobal and regional networks of country focal points and WHO national counterparts for reducing
\nthe harmful use of alcohol, as well as technical experts, will facilitate country cooperation,
\nknowledge transfer and capacity-building. The technical networks and platforms should focus on
\nparticularly challenging technical areas and situations such as the control of digital marketing,
\nsocial media advertising or reducing the harmful use of alcohol during health emergencies such as
\nthe COVID-19 pandemic.
\nThe continuing global dialogue with economic operators in alcohol production and trade should
\nfocus on the industry\u2019s contribution to reducing the harmful use of alcohol in their roles as
\ndevelopers, producers and distributors\/sellers of alcoholic beverages. This dialogue should also
\naim for implementation of comprehensive restrictions or bans on traditional, online or digital
\nmarketing (including sponsorship), as well as on sales, e-commerce, delivery, product formulation
\nand labelling, and data on production and sales. The dialogue should engage, as appropriate,
\neconomic operators in other sectors of the economy directly involved in distribution, sales and
\nmarketing of alcoholic beverages.
\nGlobal targets for Action area 3
\nGlobal target 3.1: x%4
\nof countries have established and functioning national and subnational
\nmultisectoral coordination mechanisms for implementation and strengthening of effective alcohol
\ncontrol measures.
\nGlobal target 3.2: 75% of countries are engaged in and contribute to the work of the global and
\nregional networks of WHO national counterparts for international dialogue and coordination on
\nreducing the harmful use of alcohol.
\nProposed actions for Member States
\nAction 1. Encourage mobilization and active and appropriate engagement of all relevant entities and groups in
\nreducing the harmful use of alcohol, and also by advocating for appropriate coordination mechanisms,
\n4
\nA target figure to be defined on the basis of reanalysis of the WHO global SDG health target 3.5
\nsurvey implemented in 2019\u22122020.
\nPage 16
\nstrategies and action plans in the context of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, taking into
\nconsideration any stakeholder conflicts of interests.
\nAction 2. Ensure effective national governance and coordination of activities of all relevant stakeholders in the
\nimplementation of national strategies, action plans and policies to reduce the harmful use of alcohol.
\nAction 3. Collaborate with the WHO Secretariat on implementation of the Global Strategy and through
\nrepresentation in WHO\u2019s global and regional networks of national counterparts and (technical)
\ncontributions to their working mechanisms, processes and structures.
\nAction 4. Document and share experiences and information on the development, implementation and
\nevaluation of multisectoral actions to reduce the harmful use of alcohol at national and subnational
\nlevels.
\nActions for the Secretariat
\nAction 1. Liaise and cooperate with major partners within the United Nations system and intergovernmental
\norganizations, and coordinate and develop collaborative activities through the functioning of
\ninteragency working mechanisms on reducing harmful use of alcohol, including those established for
\nMental Health and Noncommunicable Diseases.
\nAction 2. To provide support to the global and regional networks of WHO national counterparts and their
\nworking mechanisms and procedures by ensuring regular information exchange and their effective
\nfunctioning. This includes the working groups or task teams addressing priority areas for reducing the
\nharmful use of alcohol.
\nAction 3. To facilitate dialogue and information exchange on the impact of international aspects of the alcohol
\nmarket on the alcohol-attributable health burden and advocate for appropriate consideration of these
\naspects by parties in international trade negotiations.
\nAction 4. To support international collaboration and information exchange among public health-oriented NGOs,
\nacademic institutions and professional associations, with a special focus on facilitating multisectoral
\ncollaboration, ensuring policy coherence (with due consideration of differences in cultural contexts),
\nand support for strengthening the contributions of civil society organizations to alcohol policy
\ndevelopment and implementation.
\nAction 5. Every second year organize an international forum on reducing the harmful use of alcohol within the
\nWHO Forum on alcohol, drugs and addictive behaviours (FADAB) with participation of representatives
\nof Member States, United Nations entities and other intergovernmental and international
\norganizations, civil society organizations and professional associations, and support broader
\nrepresentation of civil society organizations from low- and middle-income countries.
\nAction 6. Organize regular (each year or every second year, as required) global dialogues with economic
\noperators in alcohol production and trade focused on and limited to the industry\u2019s contribution to
\nreducing the harmful use of alcohol within their roles as developers, producers and distributors\/sellers
\nof alcoholic beverages.
\nProposed actions for international partners and non-State actors
\nAction 1. Major partners within the United Nations system and intergovernmental organizations are invited to
\ninclude, as appropriate, implementation of the Global Strategy in their developmental strategies and
\naction plans, and to develop horizontal multisectoral programmes and partnerships to reduce the
\nharmful use of alcohol as a public health priority, in line with the guiding principles of the Global
\nStrategy.
\nAction 2. Civil society organizations, professional associations and academia are invited to prioritize and
\nstrengthen their activities on reducing the harmful use of alcohol, by motivating and engaging their
\nstakeholders in implementation of the Global Strategy within existing partnerships or by developing
\nnew collaborative frameworks, and by promoting and supporting, within their roles and mandates,
\nintersectoral and multisectoral collaboration and dialogue while monitoring and countering undue
\ninfluences from commercial vested interests that undermine attainment of public health objectives.
\nAction 3. Economic operators in alcohol production and trade are invited to focus on their core roles as
\ndevelopers, producers, distributors, marketers and sellers of alcoholic beverages, and abstain from
\ninterfering with alcohol policy development and evaluation.
\nPage 17
\nACTION AREA 4: TECHNICAL SUPPORT AND CAPACITY-BUILDING
\nThere is a need to increase the capacity and capability of countries to create, enforce and sustain
\nthe necessary policy and legislative frameworks, develop infrastructure and sustainable
\nmechanisms for their implementation at national and subnational levels, and ensure that
\nimplemented strategies and interventions are based on the best available scientific evidence and
\nbest practices of their implementation accumulated in different cultural, economic and social
\ncontexts. Implementation of alcohol policy measures at the country level according to the national
\ncontexts, needs and priorities may require strong technical assistance, particularly in less-
\nresourced countries and in technical areas such as taxation, legislation, regulations for digital
\nmarketing and their enforcement, or consideration of health protection from alcohol-related harm
\nin trade negotiations.
\nGlobal targets for Action area 4
\nGlobal target 4.1: 50% 5
\nof countries have increased capacity and infrastructure for
\nimplementation of high-impact strategies and interventions to reduce the harmful use of alcohol.
\nGlobal target 4.2: 50%6
\nof countries have increased capacity to provide prevention and treatment
\ninterventions for health conditions due to alcohol use in line with the principles of universal health
\ncoverage.
\nProposed actions for Member States
\nAction 1. Develop or strengthen technical capacity and infrastructure, including involvement of public health
\ncivil society organizations, for implementation of high-impact strategies and interventions to reduce
\nthe harmful use of alcohol and, when appropriate, collaborate with the WHO Secretariat on testing,
\ndissemination, implementation and evaluation of WHO technical tools, recommendations and training
\nmaterials.
\nAction 2. Document and share, in collaboration with WHO, good practices and examples of policy responses and
\nimplemented measures to reduce harmful use of alcohol in different socioeconomic and cultural
\ncontexts according to the 10 recommended target areas for policy options and interventions included
\nin the Global Strategy.
\nAction 3. Develop or strengthen the capacity of health professionals in health and social care systems to prevent,
\nidentify and manage hazardous drinking7 and disorders due to alcohol use, and develop the capacity
\nof health and social care systems to ensure universal health coverage for people with alcohol use
\ndisorders and comorbid health conditions.
\nAction 4. Support capacity-building of health professionals, public health experts and representatives of civil
\nsociety organizations, including mutual help groups and associations of affected individuals and their
\nfamily members, to advocate for, implement, enforce and sustain implementation of effective
\nmeasures to reduce the harmful use of alcohol, including support of education and training
\nprogrammes.
\n5
\nThis figure is indicative and subject to adjustment after reanalysis of data from the relevant WHO
\nsurveys. The baseline for this indicator is the year of endorsement of the action plan.
\n6
\nThis figure is indicative and subject to adjustment after reanalysis of data from the relevant WHO
\nsurveys. The baseline for this indicator is the year of endorsement of the action plan.
\n7
\nIn ICD-11 \u201chazardous alcohol use\u201d is defined as a \u201cpattern of alcohol use that appreciably
\nincreases the risk of harmful physical or mental health consequences to the user or to others to
\nan extent that warrants attention and advice from health professionals\u201d (WHO, 2019).
\nPage 18
\nActions for the Secretariat
\nAction 1. Collect, compile and disseminate through WHO information channels at global and regional levels
\ngood practices and examples of policy responses and implemented measures to reduce the harmful
\nuse of alcohol in Member States from around the world according to the 10 recommended target areas
\nfor policy options and interventions, including legislative provisions; and develop and maintain global
\nand regional repositories of good practice and examples.
\nAction 2. Foster and strengthen global and regional networks of national technical counterparts by developing
\ncapacity-building platforms in partnership with academia and civil society organizations with a focus
\non particularly challenging areas such as: 1) digital marketing and social media advertising; 2)
\nprotecting alcohol control within the context of supranational regulatory and legislative frameworks;
\n3) strengthening health service and social care responses; and 4) building up national monitoring
\nsystems on alcohol and health.
\nAction 3. Develop, test and disseminate global evidence-based and ethical recommendations, standards,
\nguidelines and technical tools, including a protocol for comprehensive assessment of alcohol policies;
\npropose, as deemed necessary and according to WHO procedures, other normative or technical
\ninstruments to provide normative and technical guidance on effective and cost-effective prevention
\nand treatment interventions in different settings; and provide support to Member States in
\nimplementing the Global Strategy according to the 10 recommended target areas for policy options
\nand interventions.
\nAction 4. Develop the global country support network of experts and strengthen global coordination of relevant
\nactivities of the WHO collaborating centres in order to increase the Secretariat\u2019s capacity to respond
\nto Member States’ requests for support of their efforts to develop, implement and evaluate strategies
\nand programmes to reduce the harmful use of alcohol.
\nAction 5. Develop a global programme of training activities on priority areas for global action and target areas
\nfor action at national level, and implement this programme by organizing and supporting global,
\nregional and intercountry workshops, seminars (including web-based seminars), online consultations
\nand other capacity-building activities.
\nAction 6. Support and conduct capacity-building projects and activities on planning and implementing research
\nand dissemination of research findings with a particular focus on alcohol policy research in low- and
\nmiddle-income countries, and data generation to produce reliable estimates of alcohol consumption,
\nalcohol-related harm and treatment coverage for alcohol use disorders.
\nAction 7. Reconvene the WHO Expert Committee on Problems Related to Alcohol Consumption for a
\ncomprehensive review of the accumulated evidence on feasible and effective measures to address the
\nharmful use of alcohol, and provide recommendations on the way forward to strengthen
\nimplementation of the Global Strategy.
\nProposed actions for international partners and non-State actors
\nAction 1. Major partners within the UN system and intergovernmental organizations are invited to prioritize
\ntechnical assistance and capacity-building activities for accelerating implementation of the Global
\nStrategy in their developmental assistance and country support activities and plans.
\nAction 2. Civil society organizations, professional associations and research institutions are invited to develop
\ncapacity-building activities at national and, if appropriate, international levels within their roles and
\nmandates. They are invited to contribute to capacity-building and provide technical assistance
\nactivities undertaken by Member States, WHO or other international organizations in line with the
\nobjectives and principles of the Global Strategy.
\nAction 3. Economic operators in alcohol production and trade are invited to implement capacity-building
\nactivities within their sectors of alcohol production, distribution and sales, and refrain from
\nengagement in capacity-building activities outside their core roles that may compete with the activities
\nof the public health community.
\nACTION AREA 5: KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION AND INFORMATION
\nSYSTEMS
\nProduction and dissemination of knowledge facilitates advocacy, policy prioritization and
\nevaluation, and supports overall global actions to reduce the harmful use of alcohol. International
\ncollaborative research and knowledge production should focus on the generation of data that are
\nPage 19
\nhighly relevant to the development and implementation of alcohol policies. Effective monitoring
\nof levels and patterns of alcohol consumption in populations and of alcohol-related harm,
\nincluding alcohol-attributable disease burden, is of utmost importance for monitoring progress of
\nimplementation of the Global Strategy at national, regional and global levels, and should be
\nconducted in conjunction with monitoring implementation of alcohol policy measures. Effective
\nmonitoring of alcohol consumption, alcohol-related harm and policy responses requires
\nstreamlined data generation, collection, validation and reporting procedures that will allow
\nregular updates of country-level data at 1\u20132-year intervals with minimized time lags between data
\ncollection and reporting. Effective monitoring of treatment coverage for alcohol use disorders not
\nonly requires these actions but better methods of monitoring treatment coverage, all within the
\nframework of universal health coverage.
\nSignificantly more resources are required for investment in international research on alcohol
\npolicy development and implementation in low- and middle-income countries, on the reasons for
\nuneven implementation of alcohol policy measures in different jurisdictions, with quantitative and
\nqualitative analyses of barriers, enabling factors and the impact of different policy options, as well
\nas in different population groups.
\nResearch, including international research projects, is needed on the role of alcohol consumption
\nin the transmission, progression and treatment outcomes of some infectious diseases, on harm to
\nothers from drinking, on the impact of the harmful use of alcohol on child development and
\nmaternal health, as well as on the consumption of informally and illegally produced alcohol and
\nits health consequences. International studies are needed on effective ways to increase the health
\nliteracy of people who consume alcohol. Studies on the costs and benefits of alcohol control
\nmeasures and development of investment cases can help to overcome resistance to effective
\nalcohol control measures in view of financial and other revenues associated with alcohol
\nproduction and trade.
\nGlobal targets for Action area 5
\nGlobal target 5.1: By 2030, 75% of countries have data generated and regularly reported at the
\nnational level on alcohol consumption, alcohol-related harm and implementation of alcohol
\ncontrol measures.
\nGlobal target 5.2: By 2030, 50% of countries have a core set of indicators and national data for
\nmonitoring progress on attainment of universal health coverage for alcohol use disorders and
\nmajor health conditions due to alcohol use.
\nProposed actions for Member States
\nAction 1. Support the generation, compilation and dissemination of knowledge on the magnitude and nature of
\npublic health problems caused by the harmful use of alcohol and effectiveness of different policy
\noptions, and undertake activities for informing the general public about health risks associated with
\nalcohol consumption.
\nAction 2. In coordination with relevant stakeholders, develop or strengthen national monitoring systems for
\nmonitoring alcohol consumption, its health and social consequences, and respective policy responses,
\nin line with the SDGs and WHO indicators and their definitions.
\nAction 3. Establish national monitoring centres or other appropriate institutional entities with responsibility for
\ncollecting and compiling national data on alcohol consumption, alcohol-related harm and policy
\nresponses, as well as monitoring trends and reporting regularly to WHO’s regional and global
\ninformation systems on alcohol and health.
\nAction 4. Include alcohol modules in data collection tools used in population-based surveillance activities at
\nnational and subnational levels to facilitate international comparisons.
\nAction 5. Collaborate with the WHO Secretariat on global surveys on alcohol and health by collecting, collating,
\nvalidating and reporting the required information, and including relevant questions on alcohol
\nconsumption and alcohol-related harm in national surveillance tools and activities.
\nPage 20
\nAction 6. Document, collate and disseminate practical experiences with the implementation of alcohol policy
\nmeasures and interventions, and support and promote evaluation of their effectiveness, cost-
\neffectiveness and impact on alcohol-attributable harm in order to document feasibility, effectiveness
\nand cost-effectiveness of policy measures in different contexts.
\nActions for the Secretariat
\nAction 1. Maintain and further develop the WHO Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (GISAH) and
\nregional information systems by developing and integrating indicators for monitoring implementation
\nof the Global Strategy, further operationalization and standardization of GISAH indicators,
\ncoordination of data collection activities at all levels, and bringing together information on the
\neffectiveness and cost-effectiveness of policy measures and interventions to reduce the harmful use
\nof alcohol and public health problems attributable to alcohol.
\nAction 2. Support capacity-building for research, monitoring and surveillance on alcohol and health by
\nestablishing and supporting global and regional research networks, training and supporting data
\ncollection, analysis and dissemination.
\nAction 3. Prepare and implement during the period 2022-2030 at least three waves of data collection on alcohol
\nconsumption, alcohol-related harm and alcohol policies from Member States through the WHO Global
\nSurvey on Alcoholand Health (tentatively in 2022, 2025 and 2028) and from other relevant information
\nsources. Also, use computerized data collection tools and web-based data collection platforms, and
\ndisseminate information through GISAH, regional information systems and global and regional status
\nreports on alcohol and health. Whenever necessary, organize data consensus workshops for improving
\nthe quality of data.
\nAction 4. Constantly review, analyse and disseminate emerging scientific evidence on the magnitude and nature
\nof public health problems attributable to alcohol consumption as well as on the effectiveness and cost-
\neffectiveness of policy measures and interventions. This includes meetings of the technical advisory
\ngroup on alcohol and drug epidemiology.
\nAction 5. Continue to generate comparable data on alcohol consumption, alcohol-related mortality and
\nmorbidity, and estimates of alcohol-attributable burden within the comparative risk assessment and
\nglobal burden of disease estimates.
\nAction 6. Continue and further develop collaboration with international and United Nations agencies on data
\ncollection and analysis as well as continue dialogue and information exchange with alcohol producers
\nand industry-supported research groups and organizations to improve the coverage and quality of data
\non alcohol consumption and availability of alcoholic beverages at global, regional and national levels.
\nAction 7. Promote and support priority setting for international research on alcohol and health as well as specific
\ninternational research projects in low- and middle- income countries with a particular focus on the
\nepidemiology of alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm, evaluation of policy measures and
\ninterventions in health services, comparative effectiveness research, and the relationship between
\nharmful use of alcohol and social and health inequities. Initiate and implement in selected low- and
\nmiddle-income countries international research projects on harm to other than drinkers, including
\nresearch on fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
\nAction 8. Develop methodology, core indicators, computerized data collection tools and support generation of
\ncomparable data on implementation of effective policy measures at national level using the system of
\nindices and scores, and support information and experience sharing among countries, particularly with
\nsimilar socio-economic and cultural contexts.
\nProposed actions for international partners and non-State actors
\nAction 1. Major partners within the United Nations system and intergovernmental organizations are invited to
\nsupport knowledge generation and monitoring activities on alcohol and health at all levels, including
\nalcohol policy research, to work with WHO on harmonization of indicators and data collection tools,
\nand to support national monitoring capacities in line with reporting commitments for the major
\ninternational monitoring frameworks.
\nAction 2. Civil society organizations, professional associations and research institutions are invited to support
\nWHO efforts on data collection and analysis to improve the coverage and quality of data on alcohol
\nconsumption, alcohol-related harm, policy responses and treatment coverage for alcohol use
\ndisorders at global, regional and national levels, and to support countries in their efforts to build and
\nstrengthen research and monitoring capacities in this area.
\nAction 3. Economic operators in alcohol production and trade are invited to disclose, with due regard of
\nlimitations associated with confidentiality of commercial information, data of public health relevance
\nthat can contribute to improvement of WHO estimates of alcohol consumption in populations, such as
\ndata on production and sales of alcoholic beverages and data on consumer knowledge, attitudes and
\npreferences regarding alcoholic beverages.
\nPage 21
\nACTION AREA 6: RESOURCE MOBILIZATION
\nLack of resources presents a primary barrier to introducing or accelerating global and national
\nactions to reduce the harmful use of alcohol. Adequate resources need to be mobilized at all levels
\nfor implementation of the Global Strategy, namely for: 1) development, implementation and
\nmonitoring of alcohol policies in low- and middle-income countries; 2) international collaboration
\nand research in this area; and 3) civil society engagement at the international level to reduce
\nharmful use of alcohol. Such resources are not limited to funding, although this is a priority, but
\nalso include human resources and workforce capacity, appropriate infrastructures, international
\ncooperation and partnerships.
\nThe lack of resources to finance alcohol control measures, as well as programmes and
\ninterventions for prevention and treatment of substance use disorders, requires innovative
\nfunding mechanisms if the related targets of the Sustainable Development Goals are to be met.
\nSeveral innovative approaches that combine evidence-based knowledge with more unorthodox
\nideas have been reported across countries and at the international level. There are existing
\nexamples of revenues from taxes on alcoholic beverages being used to fund health-promotion
\ninitiatives, health coverage of vulnerable populations, prevention and treatment of alcohol and
\nsubstance use disorders and, in some cases, support to international work in these areas. In some
\njurisdictions, earmarked funding for the prevention and treatment of alcohol use disorders and
\nrelated conditions is provided with funds generated from state-owned retail monopolies, a levy
\non profits across the value chains for alcoholic beverages, taxing alcohol advertising, or fines for
\nnoncompliance with alcohol regulations. Consideration should be given to an intergovernmental
\ncommitment to a global tax on alcohol to support this effort, with the use of the money raised to
\nbe governed internationally.
\nGlobal targets for Action area 6
\nGlobal target 6.1: 50% of countries8
\nhave increased available resources for reducing the harmful
\nuse of alcohol and increasing coverage and quality of prevention and treatment interventions for
\ndisorders due to alcohol use and associated health conditions.
\nGlobal target 6.2: An increased number of countries with earmarked funding from alcohol tax
\nrevenues for reducing the harmful use of alcohol and increasing coverage and quality of
\nprevention and treatment interventions for disorders due to alcohol use and associated health
\nconditions.
\nProposed actions for Member States
\nAction 1. Increase allocation of resources, including international and domestic financial resources generated
\nby new or innovative ways and means to secure essential funding, for reducing the harmful use of
\nalcohol and increasing coverage and quality of prevention and treatment interventions according to
\nthe scope and nature of public health problems caused by harmful use of alcohol.
\nAction 2. Consider the development and implementation of earmarked funding or contributions from alcohol
\ntax revenues or other revenues linked to alcohol beverage production and trade for reducing the
\nharmful use of alcohol and increasing coverage and quality of prevention and treatment interventions
\nfor disorders due to alcohol use and associated health conditions.
\nAction 3. Increase the resources available for implementation of the Global Strategy and action plan by
\nmainstreaming alcohol policy options and interventions in public health and developmental activities
\n8
\nThe baseline for this indicator is the year of endorsement of the action plan.
\nPage 22
\nin other areas such as maternal and child health, violence prevention, road safety and infectious
\ndiseases.
\nAction 4. Participate in and support international collaboration to increase resources available for accelerating
\nimplementation of the Global Strategy and action plan to reduce the harmful use of alcohol and
\nsupport provided to low- and middle-income countries in developing and implementing high-impact
\nstrategies and interventions.
\nAction 5. Promote and support resource mobilization for implementation of the Global Strategy and action plan
\nto reduce the harmful use of alcohol in the framework of broad developmental agendas such as the
\n2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and responses to health emergencies such as the COVID-
\n19 pandemic.
\nAction 6. Share experiences at the international level, including with the WHO Secretariat and other
\ninternational organizations, of good practice in financing policies and interventions to reduce the
\nharmful use of alcohol.
\nActions for the Secretariat
\nAction 1. Collect, analyse and disseminate experiences and good practices in financing policies and interventions
\nto reduce harmful use of alcohol and implement new or innovative ways and means to secure
\nadequate funding for implementation of the Global Strategy at all levels.
\nAction 2. Develop and disseminate technical tools and information products in support of efforts to increase the
\nresources available for reducing the harmful use of alcohol and increasing coverage and quality of
\nprevention and treatment interventions for disorders due to alcohol use and associated health
\nconditions.
\nAction 3. At global and regional levels, monitor allocation of resources for the implementation of the Global
\nStrategy and action plan.
\nAction 4. Promote and support pooling of resources and their effective use by better coordination and
\nintensified collaboration between different programme areas within WHO, United Nations agencies
\nand other international partners.
\nAction 5. Promote allocation of resources for alcohol policy development and implementation of the Global
\nStrategy and action plan in bilateral and other cooperation agreements with donor countries and
\nagencies.
\nAction 6. Intensify fundraising efforts to support implementation of the Global Strategy in low- and middle-
\nincome countries by organizing donor conferences and meetings of interested parties.
\nProposed actions for international partners and non-State actors
\nAction 1. Major partners within the United Nations system and intergovernmental organizations are invited to
\nmainstream their efforts to reduce the harmful use of alcohol in their developmental and public health
\nstrategies and action plans and to promote and support financing policies and interventions to ensure
\nthe availability of adequate resources for accelerated implementation of the Global Strategy while
\nmaintaining independence from funding from alcohol producers and distributors.
\nAction 2. Civil society organizations, professional associations and research institutions are invited to promote
\nand support new or innovative ways and means to secure required funding and to facilitate
\ncollaboration of the finance and health sectors to ensure mobilization, allocation and accountability of
\nthe resources necessary to reduce the harmful use of alcohol and accelerate implementation of the
\nGlobal Strategy at all levels.
\nAction 3. Economic operators in alcohol production and trade are invited to allocate resources for
\nimplementation of measures that can contribute to reducing the harmful use of alcohol within their
\ncore roles, and to refrain from direct funding of public health and policy-related research to prevent
\nany potential bias in agenda-setting emerging from the conflict of interest, and cease sponsorship of
\nscientific research for marketing or lobbying purposes.
\nPage 23
\nANNEX 1: INDICATORS AND MILESTONES FOR ACHIEVING GLOBAL
\nTARGETS
\nGlobal targets Indicators Milestones Comments
\n1.1. 75% of countries have
\nstrengthened and
\nsustainably enforced
\nimplementation of high-
\nimpact policy options and
\ninterventions.
\nComposite indicator for
\nmonitoring
\nimplementation of high-
\nimpact policy options and
\ninterventions (to be
\ndeveloped).
\n2019
\n2022
\n2023
\n2025
\n2028\/9
\nData collected
\nthrough WHO global
\nsurvey on alcohol
\nand health, SAFER
\nmonitoring and
\nother relevant
\nactivities
\nundertaken at the
\nglobal and regional
\nlevels.
\n1.2. At least x% relative
\nreduction in alcohol per
\ncapita (15 years and older)
\nconsumption achieved by
\n2025 and x% relative
\nreduction by 2030.9
\nTotal alcohol per capita
\nconsumption defined as
\nthe total (recorded plus
\nestimated unrecorded
\nalcohol) alcohol per capita
\n(aged 15 years and older)
\nconsumption within a
\ncalendar year in litres of
\npure alcohol, adjusted for
\ntourist consumption.
\n2010
\n2016
\n2019
\n2022
\n2023
\n2024
\n2028
\n2030
\nAnnual WHO
\nestimates produced
\non the basis of data
\nsubmitted by
\nMember States and
\ngenerated through
\nWHO global and
\nregional monitoring
\nand surveillance
\nactivities.
\n1.3. By 2030, 80% of the
\nworld population are
\nprotected from the harmful
\nuse of alcohol by sustained
\nimplementation and
\nenforcement of high-impact
\npolicy options with due
\nconsideration of national
\ncontexts, priorities and
\navailable resources.
\nThe size of the world
\npopulation (as a
\npercentage of the world
\npopulation) living in
\ncountries which have
\nenacted and enforced
\neffective and cost-
\neffective strategies and
\ninterventions to reduce
\nthe harmful use of
\nalcohol. Full
\noperationalization of the
\nindicator to be developed.
\n2016
\n2019
\n2022
\n2023
\n2025
\n2028\/9
\nData collected
\nthrough WHO global
\nsurvey on alcohol
\nand health, SAFER
\nmonitoring and
\nother relevant
\nactivities
\nundertaken at the
\nglobal and regional
\nlevels.
\n9
\nThe target figures for this indicator are to be defined on the basis of analysis of the WHO data on
\nalcohol consumption.
\nPage 24
\n2.1: By 2030, 75% of
\ncountries have developed
\nand enacted a written
\nnational alcohol policy that is
\nbased on best available
\nevidence and supported by
\nlegislative measures for
\neffective implementation of
\nhigh-impact strategies and
\ninterventions.
\nNumber of countries (as a
\npercentage of all WHO
\nMember States) with a
\nwritten and enacted
\nnational alcohol policy,
\nsupported by required
\nlegislative measures.
\n2019
\n2022
\n2025
\n2028\/9
\nData collected
\nthrough WHO global
\nsurvey on alcohol
\nand health and the
\nWHO NCD country
\ncapacity survey.
\n2.2: By 2030, 50% of
\ncountries produce periodic
\nnational reports on alcohol
\nconsumption, alcohol-
\nrelated harm and effective
\npolicy responses targeting
\ndecision-makers and the
\ngeneral public.
\nNumber of countries (as a
\npercentage of all WHO
\nMember States)
\nproducing at least two
\nnational reports within
\nthe last 8-year period on
\nalcohol consumption,
\nalcohol-related harm and
\nwritten national alcohol
\npolicy, including legislative
\nmeasures.
\n2022
\n2025
\n2028\/9
\nData collected
\nthrough WHO global
\nsurvey on alcohol
\nand health, SAFER
\nmonitoring and
\nother relevant
\nactivities
\nundertaken at the
\nglobal and regional
\nlevels.
\n3.1: x%10
\nof countries have
\nestablished and functioning
\nnational and subnational
\nmultisectoral partnerships
\nfor implementation of
\neffective alcohol control
\nmeasures.
\nNumber of countries (as a
\nproportion of all WHO
\nMember States) with
\nestablished and
\nmultisectoral partnerships
\nfor implementation of
\neffective alcohol control
\nmeasures (including the
\nnumber of countries
\nimplementing the SAFER
\ninitiative). Full
\noperationalization of the
\nindicator to be developed.
\n2022
\n2025
\n2028\/9
\nData collected
\nthrough WHO global
\nsurvey on alcohol
\nand health, SAFER
\nmonitoring and
\nother relevant
\nactivities
\nundertaken at the
\nglobal and regional
\nlevels.
\n10
\nThe figure is to be defined on the basis of reanalysis of data from the relevant WHO surveys.
\nPage 25
\n3.2: 75% of countries are
\nengaged in the work of the
\nglobal and regional
\nnetworks of WHO national
\ncounterparts for
\ninternational dialogue and
\ncoordination on reducing
\nthe harmful use of alcohol.
\nNumber of countries (as a
\nproportion of all WHO
\nMember States) actively
\nrepresented in the global
\nand regional networks of
\nWHO national
\ncounterparts.
\n2021
\n2022
\n2023
\n2024
\n2025
\n2026
\n2027
\n2028
\n2029
\n2030
\nInformation from
\nWHO regional
\noffices and
\nHeadquarters
\ncollated on the
\nannual basis.
\n4.1: 50% of countries have
\nincreased capacity and
\ninfrastructure for
\nimplementation of high-
\nimpact strategies and
\ninterventions to reduce the
\nharmful use of alcohol.
\nNumber of countries (as a
\nproportion of all WHO
\nMember States) that have
\nincreased capacity and
\ninfrastructure for
\nimplementation of high-
\nimpact strategies and
\ninterventions to reduce
\nthe harmful use of alcohol
\n(including the number of
\ncountries implementing
\nthe SAFER initiative).
\nComposite indicator with
\noperationalization to be
\ndeveloped.
\nThe baseline for this
\nindicator is the year of
\nendorsement of the action
\nplan.
\n2022
\n2025
\n2028\/9
\nData collected
\nthrough WHO global
\nsurvey on alcohol
\nand health, SAFER
\nmonitoring and
\nother relevant
\nactivities
\nundertaken at the
\nglobal and regional
\nlevels.
\nThe figure is
\nindicative and
\nsubject to
\nadjustment after
\nreanalysis of data
\nfrom the relevant
\nWHO surveys.
\n4.2: 50% of countries have
\nincreased capacity to
\nprovide prevention and
\ntreatment interventions for
\nhealth conditions due to
\nalcohol use in line with the
\nprinciples of universal
\nhealth coverage.
\nNumber of countries (as a
\nproportion of all WHO
\nMember States) that have
\nincreased capacity to
\nprovide prevention and
\ntreatment interventions
\nfor health conditions due
\nto alcohol use in line with
\nthe principles of universal
\nhealth coverage. The work
\non this indicator as a
\nproxy measure for
\ntreatment coverage for
\nalcohol use disorders and
\nrelated health conditions
\nis currently in progress.
\nThe baseline for this
\nindicator is the year of
\n2019
\n2022
\n2025
\n2028\/9
\nData collected
\nthrough WHO global
\nsurvey on progress
\ntowards attainment
\nof SDG health target
\n3.5 on prevention
\nand treatment of
\nsubstance abuse.
\nThis figure is
\nindicative and
\nsubject to
\nadjustment after
\nreanalysis of data
\nfrom the relevant
\nWHO surveys.
\nPage 26
\nendorsement of the action
\nplan.
\n5.1: By 2030, 75% of
\ncountries have data
\ngenerated and regularly
\nreported at the national
\nlevel on levels and patterns
\nof alcohol consumption,
\nalcohol-related harm and
\nimplementation of alcohol
\ncontrol measures.
\nNumber of countries (as a
\nproportion of all WHO
\nMember States) that
\ngenerate and report
\nnational data on per
\ncapita alcohol
\nconsumption, alcohol-
\nrelated harm and policy
\nresponses.
\n2019
\n2022
\n2025
\n2028\/9
\nPassive literature
\nsurveillance and
\ndata collected
\nthrough WHO global
\nsurveys on alcohol
\nand health and
\nprogress with
\nattainment of SDG
\nhealth target 3.5;
\ndata collected
\nthrough activities
\nundertaken for SDG
\n3.5.2 monitoring.
\n5.2: By 2030, 50% of
\ncountries have a core set of
\nindicators and national data
\ngenerated at national level
\nfor monitoring progress
\nwith attainment of universal
\nhealth coverage for alcohol
\nuse disorders and major
\nhealth conditions due to
\nalcohol use.
\nNumber of countries (as a
\nproportion of all WHO
\nMember States) that have
\na core set of agreed
\nindicators and generate
\nand report national data
\non treatment coverage
\nand treatment capacity
\nfor alcohol use disorders
\nand related health
\nconditions, alcohol-
\nrelated harm and policy
\nresponses.
\n2019
\n2022
\n2025
\n2028\/9
\nPassive literature
\nsurveillance and
\ndata collected
\nthrough WHO global
\nsurvey on progress
\ntowards attainment
\nof SDG health target
\n3.5; data collected
\nthrough activities
\nundertaken for SDG
\n3.5.1 monitoring.
\n6.1: 50% of countries have
\nincreased or ensured
\nappropriate levels of
\navailable resources for
\nreducing the harmful use of
\nalcohol and increasing
\ncoverage and quality of
\nprevention and treatment
\ninterventions for disorders
\ndue to alcohol use and
\nassociated health
\nconditions.
\nNumber of countries (as a
\nproportion of all Member
\nStates) that have
\nincreased or ensured
\nappropriate levels of
\navailable resources to
\nfinance alcohol control
\nmeasures and
\ninterventions for reducing
\nthe harmful use of alcohol
\nand increasing coverage
\nand quality of prevention
\nand treatment
\ninterventions for disorders
\ndue to alcohol use and
\nassociated health
\nconditions.
\nThe baseline for this
\nindicator is the year of
\nendorsement of the action
\nplan.
\n2022
\n2025
\n2028\/9
\nData collected
\nthrough WHO global
\nsurvey on alcohol
\nand health, SAFER
\nmonitoring and
\nother relevant
\nactivities
\nundertaken at the
\nglobal and regional
\nlevels.
\nPage 27
\n6.2: An increased number of
\ncountries with earmarked
\nfunding from alcohol tax
\nrevenues for reducing the
\nharmful use of alcohol and
\nincreasing coverage and
\nquality of prevention and
\ntreatment interventions for
\ndisorders due to alcohol use
\nand associated health
\nconditions.
\nNumber (absolute) of
\ncountries that have
\nintroduced earmarked
\nfunding from alcohol tax
\nrevenues for reducing the
\nharmful use of alcohol and
\nincreasing coverage and
\nquality of prevention and
\ntreatment interventions
\nfor disorders due to
\nalcohol use and associated
\nhealth conditions.
\n2022
\n2025
\n2028\/9
\nData collected
\nthrough WHO global
\nsurveys on alcohol
\nand health and
\nprogress towards
\nattainment of SDG
\nhealth target 3.5;
\ndata collected
\nthrough activities
\nundertaken for SDG
\n3.5.1.
\nPage 28
\nANNEX 2: WHO EXECUTIVE BOARD DECISION EB146(14)
\nEXECUTIVE BOARD EB146(14)
\n146th session 7 February 2020
\nAgenda item 7.2
\nPage 29<\/p>\n"},"caption":{"rendered":"

working-document-for-action-plan-web-consultation-november-2020-final WHO Working document for development of an action plan to strengthen implementation of the Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol 14th November 2020 WORKING DOCUMENT \u00a9 World Health Organization 2020 All rights reserved. The information contained in this document may be freely used and copied for educational and other non-commercial and […]<\/p>\n"},"alt_text":"","media_type":"file","mime_type":"application\/pdf","media_details":{},"post":651,"source_url":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/working-document-for-action-plan-web-consultation-november-2020-final.pdf","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15643"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/attachment"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15643"}]}}