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\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Junior Doctors Network
\nNewsletter
\nIndex
\nJunior Doctors tackled Antimicrobial
\nResistance (AMR) at their Annual
\nMeeting in Chicago ………………1
\nWMA JDN Working Condition Work-
\ning Group ……………………………7
\nThe Value of Leadership in Medicine:
\nCaring Physicians of the World Lead-
\nership Course ………………………8
\nReport on the CMAAO General As-
\nsembly Tokyo and the JMA-JDN Fo-
\nrum …………………………………….9
\nSocial Determinants of Health: Be-
\nyond Borders ……………………….11
\nA Mission to Help the Rohingya Refu-
\ngees……………………………………..14
\nA Word from the Chair …………18
\nWords from the Communications
\nDesk ……………………………………19
\nJDN Newsletter is a communication
\nplace to share our views ………20
\nJunior Doctors Leadership and Publi-
\ncations Team 2017-2018……….21
\nThe 2017 Junior Doctors Net-
\nwork (JDN) meeting, which
\nwas hosted by the American
\nMedical Association, was held
\nin Chicago, Illinois, USA, be-
\ntween October 9-10, 2017. An
\nestimated 30 junior doctors
\nfrom all five continents par-
\nticipated in the meeting,
\nwhich was greeted by the
\nWorld Medical Association
\n(WMA) leadership, with Dr.
\nOtmar Kloiber, WMA Secre-
\ntary General, Dr. Ardis Hoven,
\nWMA Council Chair, and Dr.
\nKetan Desai, WMA President.
\nDay 1
\nThe meeting started with a
\ngreeting by Dr. Kloiber, who
\nfurther delivered a thorough
\npresentation on the WMA his-
\nApril, 2018
\n13th issue
\nISSN (print) 2415-1122
\nISSN (online) 2312-220x
\nPicture 1: Participants at the 2017 JDN meeting
\nJunior Doctors tackled Antimicrobial Resistance
\n(AMR) at their Annual Meeting in Chicago
\nKonstantinos Roditis*
\n, MD, MSc
\n* Resident, Department
\nof Vascular Surgery,
\nKorgialeneio-Benakeio
\nHellenic Red Cross Hos-
\npital, Athens, Greece \/
\nChair, JDN-Hellas \/
\nSecretary, Junior Doc-
\ntors Network , World
\nMedical Association
\nroditis.k@gmail.com \/
\nsecretary.jdn@wma.net
\ntory, structure, collabora-
\ntions, and focus areas. He
\nstressed the topic of review-
\ning the Declaration of Gene-
\nva at the 2017 WMA General
\nAssembly, which took place
\nin Chicago at the same time.
\nHe explained that the mod-
\nern Hippocratic oath would
\nmost likely be renamed to
\nthe modern Physicians\u2019
\nPledge. He also answered a
\nfew questions of partici-
\npants, specifically on how
\nWMA works on overseeing
\nthe implementation of its
\npolicies in different coun-
\ntries and how interactions
\nwith other international or-
\nganisations (e.g., Interna-
\ntional Physicians for the Pre-
\nvention of Nuclear War,
\nIPPNW; World Federation
\nfor Medical Education,
\nWFME) are formed. The par-
\nticipants were then split into
\nsmall working groups
\n(SWGs) and rotated between
\nall three groups, each lead
\nby a WMA leadership officer.
\nDiscussion topics were: 1)
\nWomen in global health and
\norganized medicine (Dr. Ar-
\ndis Hoven); 2) Medical eth-
\nics and codes of ethics (Dr.
\nOtmar Kloiber); and 3) Self-
\ngovernance of physicians
\n(Dr. Ketan Desai).
\nAs the antimicrobial re-
\nsistance (AMR) problem was
\nthe main theme of the meet-
\ning, an introduction to AMR
\nand what is at stake on a
\nglobal scale was delivered by
\nDr. Caline Mattar, JDN
\nChair.
\nA presentation of the WHO
\nGlobal Action Plan was given
\nvia teleconference by Dr.
\nElizabeth Tayler. In her
\npresentation, she empha-
\nsized the need to focus on
\nthe use of antibiotics in pa-
\ntients and animals. She also
\ncalled upon solidarity among
\nnations worldwide to work
\non addressing AMR, noting
\nthat developing countries
\nwould be significantly im-
\npacted by AMR due to lack of
\nresources and financial ca-
\npacity to access new medi-
\ncines and technologies de-
\nveloped to fight multi-
\nresistant pathogens. In re-
\ngards to the influence of the
\nglobal sepsis burden on the
\nneed for early antibiotic use
\nand AMR challenge, she ex-
\nplained that sepsis requires
\nearly administration of anti-
\n\u201cCalling upon solidarity among nations worldwide
\nto work on addressing AMR\u201d
\n2
\nbiotics and the knowledge
\nof when to stop their ad-
\nministration. She stated,
\n\u201cWe must stop giving anti-
\nbiotics \u201cjust in case\u201d, add-
\ning that effective steward-
\nship programmes are
\nneeded to better guide
\nphysicians when to use
\nand when to appropriately
\nprescribe antibiotics in
\nclinical practice .
\nDr. Anthony So (ReAct
\nGroup) presented on strat-
\negies to tackle AMR, refer-
\nring to challenges in re-
\nsearch and development
\nof new antibiotics by the
\nPharma industry, the re-
\ndirection of financial re-
\nsources to neglected re-
\nsearch areas, intersectoral
\ncollaborations, and treat-
\nment alternatives for viral
\ninfections. He stressed
\nthat patients also need to
\nunderstand why AMR is
\nimportant for the commu-
\nnity and their health.
\nDr. Roach, Food Safety
\nProgram Director and
\nFood Animal Concerns
\nTrust and Senior Analyst
\nfor Keep Antibiotics Work-
\ning, addressed AMR focus-
\ning on the use of antibiot-
\nics in animal industry and
\nbest strategies to mini-
\nmize AMR. He stressed
\nthat AMR is a cause that
\nmust engage all stakehold-
\ners, including the Interna-
\ntional Food Standards
\n(e.g., Codex Alimentarius,
\nWHO, Food and Agricul-
\nture Organisation of the
\nU.S.), national govern-
\nments (e.g., Food and Ag-
\nriculture Ministries), and
\n3
\nPicture 2: JDN participants at the WMA GA Gala Dinner at the Field Museum
\nfood corporations (e.g.,
\nMcDonalds).
\nMatthew Wellington, Anti-
\nbiotics Program Director at
\nU.S. Public Interest Re-
\nsearch Group (PIRG) pre-
\nsented on how to pressure
\nmajor meat consuming
\nchain restaurants to move
\naway from meat providers
\nthat use excessive antibiot-
\nics in their production. He
\nreferred to a tool his team
\ncreated, called \u201cChain Re-
\naction\u201d, that rates chain
\nrestaurants according to
\ntheir antibiotic policies and
\npractices. He added that
\nthey have also developed a
\npool of 40,000 physicians
\nadvocating for antibiotic
\nstewardship, believing that
\nhealthcare professionals
\nhave a strong voice and im-
\npact towards changing pub-
\nlic opinion. Finally, he sug-
\ngested that participants
\nlearn more on the U.S.
\nPIRG website
\n(www.uspirg.org).
\nDr. Ardis Hoven, Chair of
\nCouncil of WMA, opened a
\npanel discussion on
\n\u201cStewardship for AMR\u201d.
\nDr. Sameer Patel presented
\non approaches to best con-
\nvince our colleagues to
\nchange their practices to-
\nwards a more AMR-aware
\nattitude. She stated that
\nchanging practices is like
\n\u201cconvincing children to eat
\ntheir vegetables\u201d, where all
\nphysicians understand that
\nthey should use antibiotics
\nappropriately, but fail to
\nconsistently follow these
\npractices. Notably, availa-
\nble stewardship pro-
\ngrammes vary. He men-
\ntioned that the U.S. guide-
\nlines from the Infectious
\nDiseases Society of America
\nrefer mostly to in-patient
\nscenarios. He suggested
\nlow-cost interventions,
\nsuch as educational out-
\nreach visits and rapid diag-
\nnostic tests, are key for
\noutpatient settings. Stress-
\ning the importance of na-
\ntional antimicrobial sur-
\nveillance, he referenced the
\nWHO guidelines on AMR
\nmanagement, focusing on
\npopulation education, re-
\nduced use of antibiotics,
\nand cost-effective, high-
\nquality diagnostic tests.
\nDr. Aparna Bole, Health
\nCare Without Harm Board
\nMember, Medical Director
\nof Community Integration,
\nand pediatrician at Univer-
\nsity Hospitals Rainbow Ba-
\nbies and Children\u2019s Hospi-
\ntal in Ohio, spoke about her
\nexperiences in exploring
\nways to reduce the use of
\nmeat and increase the use
\nof \u201csecure\u201d meat (e.g.,
\nmeat with minimal use of
\n\u201cHealthcare professionals have a strong voice and impact
\ntowards changing public opinion.\u201c
\n4
\nantibiotics) in hospital res-
\ntaurants and cafeterias.
\nShe discussed the
\n\u201cHealthcare without Harm\u201d
\ninitiative, where she serves
\nas a board member.
\nDr. David Wallinga, Senior
\nHealth Officer in the NRDC
\n(Natural Resources Defense
\nCouncil) Health Program,
\ntalked about \u201cWhy health
\nprofessionals can, and
\nmust, help save antibiot-
\nics\u201d.
\nAn open discussion facili-
\ntated panelists and JDN
\nparticipants to exchange
\nperspectives on the AMR
\nchallenge. They described
\nthe credibility of physicians
\nas advocates in the field of
\nAMR and antibiotic use in
\nlivestock and food market
\nas well as the need to con-
\nvince legislators that the
\nprofit of the pharma indus-
\ntry is only one part of the
\neconomic equation.
\nParticipants were then split
\nagain into five SWGs,
\nbrainstorming about
\n\u201cPlanning the next steps\u201d
\nfor JDN on AMR, namely:
\n1) Innovative Ideas for Re-
\nsearch & Development
\nto combat AMR (Dr.
\nPaxton Bach)
\n2) Surveillance for AMR
\n(Dr. Mariam Parwaiz)
\n3) Physicians\u2019 Action on
\nAMR Stewarship Pro-
\ngrammes (Dr. Yassen
\nTcholakov)
\n4) Food Industry & AMR
\n5) One Health approach &
\nAMR (Dr. Saahil Vij)
\nDay 2
\nThe second day of the
\nmeeting started with JDN
\nElections for the manage-
\nment team of 2017-2018.
\nThe Elections Committee,
\nconsisting of Dr. Paxton
\nBach, Dr. Maki Okamoto,
\nand Dr. Nauman Malik, ex-
\nplained the procedure to
\nparticipants, which were to
\nbe performed under the
\nofficial JDN Elections
\nTerms of Reference, previ-
\nously prepared in collabo-
\nration with the WMA Legal
\nAdvisor and approved by
\nthe WMA Executive.
\nCandidates had three
\nminutes to present their
\ncandidatures, either via
\nconference presentation or
\nteleconference, and re-
\nceived questions from the
\nparticipants. JDN members
\nvoted for positions that re-
\nceived more than one can-
\ndidature by ballot voting.
\nThe results are in Box 1.
\nIn the session, \u201cResearch in
\npost graduate medical edu-
\ncation\u201d, Professor David
\nGordon, President of the
\nWFME, presented on Re-
\nsearch in Postgraduate
\nMedical Education (PGME),
\nunder the facilitation of
\n5
\nPicture 3: Newly elected JDN management team, 2017-2018
\nJDN\u2019s past Chair, Dr. Ahmet
\nMurt. Dr. Joe Hayman
\nbriefly presented on WMA
\nAssociate Members and
\ntheir plans for this WMA
\nGeneral Assembly. He also
\nanswered questions from
\nthe JDN participants on the
\nWMA’s Associate Member-
\nship.
\nAn \u201cIdeas Cafe\u201d followed,
\nand the group was split in-
\nto four SWGs, where they
\nrotated every ten minutes
\nto each group: 1) JDN
\nworking groups terms of
\nreference (Dr. Yassen
\nTcholakov); 2) Next steps
\nfor the JDN and strategic
\nplanning (Dr. Paxton
\nBach); 3) How to increase
\nthe added value of JDN
\nmembership (Dr. Chiaki
\nMishima); 4) JDN working
\nconditions (Dr. Mariam
\nParwaiz); and 5) Interna-
\ntional Hippocratic Oath
\nnew project proposal (Dr.
\nKostas Roditis). Next, a
\nsession on \u201cNew ideas\u201d in-
\ncluded two presentations:
\n1) Global Database on
\nPGME (Dr. Jean-Marc Bour-
\nque); and 2) International
\nmedical graduates reciting
\nthe Hippocratic Oath in
\nKos, Greece (Dr. Kostas
\nRoditis).
\nModerated by two JDN
\nfounding members, Dr.
\nXaviour Walker, past JDN
\nChair, and Dr. Lawrence
\nLoh, past JDN Deputy-
\nChair, a presentation was
\ngiven on the seven-year
\nJDN history. Since the ini-
\ntial discussion in Osaka,
\nJapan, in March 2007, to
\nits official establishment in
\nMontevideo, Uruguay, in
\n2010, the JDN has strength-
\nened communication and
\ninteractions with junior
\ndoctors from all over the
\nglobe, providing essential
\ninput on policy making to
\nthe WMA.
\nA panel discussion on
\n\u201cphysicians\u2019 collective ac-
\ntion, education, and well-
\nbeing\u201d followed, and panel-
\nists, Dr. David Gordon
\n(WFME), Dr. Armin Ehl
\n(Marburger Bund, German
\nAssociation of salaried doc-
\ntors), and Dr. Kimberly
\nWilliams (JDN member,
\npast Chair of Resident Doc-
\ntors of Canada, RDoC)
\ntalked about PGME and the
\nCollective Action of Physi-
\ncians and Physician wellbe-
\ning, respectively.
\nFirst, Dr. Gordon presented
\non PGME in several parts
\nof the world, using Den-
\nmark, Finland, and the
\nUnited Kingdom as exam-
\nples, and mentioned the
\ncurrent WFME\u2019s work on
\nstreamlining PGME world-
\nwide. He stressed the im-
\nportance of accreditation of
\nmedical teaching centers as
\nwell as the board certifica-
\ntion of specialists. Second,
\nDr. Ehl described the Mar-
\nburger Bund\u2019s collective
\nactivities in Germany, in-
\ncluding maximum weekly
\nworking time and physi-
\ncians as employees. He fo-
\ncused on Union policy, le-
\ngal and informal require-
\nments for collective action
\nby physicians and reflected
\non the outcomes of the past
\n6
\n2017-2018
\nJDN Management Team:
\n\uf0a8 Chair: Dr. Caline Mattar
\n\uf0a8 Deputy Chair:
\nDr. Chukwuma Oraegbunam
\n\uf0a8 Secretary: Dr. Kostas Roditis
\n\uf0a8 Socio-Medical Affairs Officer:
\nDr. Yassen Tcholakov
\n\uf0a8 Education Director:
\nDr. Audrey Fontaine
\n\uf0a8 Medical Ethics Officer:
\nDr. Sydney Mukuka
\n\uf0a8 Membership Director:
\nDr. Chiaki Mishima
\n\uf0a8 Communications Director:
\nDr. Chibuzo Ndiokwelu
\n\uf0a8 Publications Director:
\nDr. Kazuhiro Abe
\n\uf0a8 Immediate Past Chair:
\nDr. Ahmet Murt
\n\uf0a8 Immediate Past Deputy Chair:
\nDr. Paxton Bach
\nBox 1
\nGermany-wide doctor strikes.
\nHe also mentioned the recent-
\nly organized International
\nConference of Doctors\u2019 Un-
\nions. Finally, Dr. Williams
\nspoke about the importance of
\nphysician wellbeing. At RDoC,
\nthey have focused on wellbe-
\ning, including fatigue and
\nburnout syndrome, through-
\nout many of their activities.
\nShe further talked about a re-
\nsiliency training program, de-
\nsigned especially for resi-
\ndents, and the Big Four+ con-
\ncept for improving residents\u2019
\nwellbeing.
\nIn an open discussion from
\nthe audience, Dr. Gordon de-
\nscribed \u201ccompetency-based
\ncurricula\u201d, striving for com-
\npetent physicians with the
\nbasic theoretical knowledge
\nof medicine in an ever-
\nchanging world. Dr. Ehl
\nstressed that as physician ad-
\nvocates, we must always edu-
\ncate society by \u201ctelling the
\nstory\u201d about our challenges in
\nthe healthcare environment.
\nHe also mentioned that the
\nMB\u2019s female membership has
\nreached 55%, pushing poli-
\ncies including family time and
\npart-time work in Germany.
\nDr. Williams mentioned sev-
\neral examples where the JDN
\ncould activate policy on physi-
\ncian wellbeing by turning pol-
\nicy into action on local, na-
\ntional and global level.
\nAs a closing remark, Dr. Pax-
\nton Bach, JDN\u2019s outgoing Dep-
\nuty Chair, reflected on the
\ntwo days of the 2017 JDN
\nmeeting. He asked that every-
\none reflect on the presenta-
\ntions and open discussions
\nand think about how to better
\nuse the knowledge and exper-
\ntise gained at the meeting,
\nupon returning home as well
\nas for the future of JDN col-
\nlaborations.
\n7
\nThe initial idea of forming a working group
\nwas conceived during the Asia-Pacific
\nRegional Meeting in Taipei. The World
\nMedical Association (WMA) Junior Doctors
\nNetwork (JDN) had several working groups;
\nhowever, there was no Working Group for
\nWorking Conditions of Junior Doctors.
\nDr. Leo Heng-Hao Chang from Taiwan
\nsuggested the creation of a new working
\ngroup, which led to the creation of a Google
\ngroup and subsequent call for members to
\njoin the working group. Dr. Wunna Tun
\nfrom Myanmar and Dr. Leo Heng-Hao Chang
\nserved as Co-Chairs of the Working Group
\nand the first teleconference meeting of the
\nWorking Group held after the WMA Council
\nmeeting in Zambia.
\nThe Working Group was designed to raise
\nawareness, improve working conditions of
\njunior doctors globally, and publish data in
\npeer-reviewed academic journals and\/or
\npolicy statements.
\nThe focus areas are physician working
\nhours, physician suicide, psychological
\nwellbeing, prevention of burnout, safe
\nworking environments (free from
\nharassment, bullying, and discrimination)
\nand providing avenues for help. The areas of
\nwork and output are systematic literature
\nreviews of working conditions in a variety
\nof countries. Surveys on working conditions
\nfor junior doctors to national member
\nassociations (NMAs) and JDN will be
\ndistributed via email and social media.
\nTo join the working group (jdn-working-
\ncondition@googlegroups.com), please
\ncontact the Working Group Co-Chairs
\nWunna or Leo.
\n* Fellow in Medical Education\/ Secretary
\n(Organization and Communication), Myanmar
\nMedical Association
\nonlinewunna@gmail.com
\nWMA JDN Working Condition Working Group
\nWunna Tun*, MBBS, MD
\n8
\nHow valuable are leadership
\nskills to doctors? No matter
\nwhat part of the world we are
\nfrom, the job of doctors every-
\nwhere is growing more com-
\nplex. In a world where patients
\ncan look up their symptoms
\nonline, where doctors frequent-
\nly come on TV and write books
\nto educate the public, and in a
\nworld where hospitals and
\nhealthcare organizations are
\nbecoming ever more complex in
\ntheir structures, it is becoming
\nincreasingly important for doc-
\ntors to speak up and engage
\nwith the public. That is why eve-
\nry year, the World Medical As-
\nsociation (WMA) holds an annu-
\nal Caring Physicians of the
\nWorld Medical Leadership,
\nCommunications, and Advocacy
\ncourse. This year, several doc-
\ntors both from the Junior Doc-
\ntors Network (JDN) as well as
\nfrom National Medical Associa-
\ntions participated.
\nOrganized by Dr. Yank Coble,
\npast president of WMA, and Dr.
\nOtmar Kloiber, Secretary Gen-
\neral of the WMA, this one-week
\nintensive course focused heavily
\non leading change in organiza-
\ntions, strategic thinking, build-
\ning collective intelligence, for-
\nmal media training and using
\neffective leadership styles to
\nimpact change in our home
\ncountries. The course was held
\nat the Mayo Clinic, in Jackson-
\nville, Florida, USA. Teaching
\nconsisted of several didactic
\nand workshop components with
\nsimulated scenarios. The sce-
\nnarios covered topics ranging
\n*1 Member, Canadian Medical
\nAssociation, Resident in Radia-
\ntion Oncology, University of To-
\nronto
\n*2 Vice Chair, Myanmar Medical
\nAssociation, Young Doctor Socie-
\nty
\n*3 Chair, Japan Medical Associa-
\ntion Junior Doctors Network
\n(JMA-JDN)\/ Membership Direc-
\ntor , Junior Doctors Network ,
\nWorld Medical Association
\nCorrespondence: Nauman Malik
\nnauman.malik@rmp.uhn.ca
\nThe Value of Leadership in Medicine: Caring Physicians of the World
\nLeadership Course
\nNauman Malik, MD*1
\n, Wunna Tun, MBBS, MD*2
\n, Chiaki Mishima, MD*3
\nPicture
\n1. What is CMAAO?
\nThe Confederation of Medical
\nAssociations in Asia and Oce-
\nania (CMAAO) was estab-
\nlished in 1956. The 1st
\nCMAAO
\nCongress was held in Tokyo in
\n1957, attended by organiza-
\ntional founders from Japan,
\nAustralia, Burma (now Myan-
\nmar), Taiwan, Indonesia, and
\nthe Philippines. They aimed to
\nimprove the health levels of
\nlocal residents through the
\npromotion of medical ex-
\nchanges in Asia and Oceania,
\nestablishment of relationships
\nwith international associa-
\ntions, and informational ex-
\nchanges. At present, medical
\nassociations from 18 countries
\nhave joined this organization,
\nin efforts to enhance the voice
\nof Asia as a local medical as-
\nsociation of the World Medi-
\ncal Association (WMA). Gen-
\neral assemblies are held once
\na year, and local medical is-
\nsues are reported by the med-
\nical association of each coun-
\ntry through symposiums and
\ncountry reports. The Takemi
\nMemorial Oration is also ad-
\ndressed. Results are docu-
\nmented and adopted as a reso-
\nlution. The resolutions are
\nshared by medical associa-
\ntions of all the participating
\ncountries, and they report
\nback to the WMA.
\n2. CMAAO 2018 \u201cEnd-of-Life
\nQuestions\u201d in Tokyo
\nThis general assembly was
\nheld in Tokyo from September
\n13th
\nto 15th
\n, 2017. A total of
\nabout 220 people attended,
\nconsisting of participants
\nfrom medical associations of
\nJapan and all participating
\ncountries. The current WMA
\nPresident, Yoshitake Yokoku-
\nra, was inaugurated as the
\n35th President of CMAAO.
\nUsing the theme, \u201cEnd-of-Life
\nQuestions,\u201d medical associa-
\ntions of all participating coun-
\ntries were asked to complete a
\nquestionnaire with a variety
\nof questions, such as \u201cIs eu-
\nthanasia legalized in your
\ncountry?\u201d Medical associa-
\ntions of 19 countries complet-
\ned the questionnaire, and the
\nresults from 17 countries
\nwere publicized at a symposi-
\num. Overall, Asian countries
\nshowed negative attitudes to-
\nwards \u201cactive euthanasia,\u201d
\nwhich is a topic that attracts
\nattention especially from Eu-
\nropean countries. We learned
\nfrom country presentations
\nand discussions that religions
\nand family life vary signifi-
\ncantly as well as how people
\nconnect with their communi-
\nties. We also learned that it is
\nimportant to understand these
\ndifferent perspectives. We un-
\nderstand that each country is
\nmaking progress through the
\n* Chair, Japan Medical Associ-
\nation, Junior Doctors Network
\n(JMA-JDN)
\nMembership Director, Junior
\nDoctors Network, World Med-
\nical Association
\nchair@jmajdn.jp
\nfrom patient-centered commu-
\nnication to testing strategic
\nthinking through a subarctic
\nsurvival scenario, to infiltrating
\nan organization and leading
\nchange through a complex
\ncomputer-based scenario.
\nOur fellow course participants
\nwere highly regarded physicians
\nfrom around the world, and it
\nwas truly a wonderful experi-
\nence learning amongst them.
\nWe made many new friends
\nand we, as JDN members, felt
\nvery engaged. We hope to use
\nour new skills to further the
\nwork of the JDN in the future,
\nand look forward to continuing
\nour leadership endeavors at
\nhome in our countries as well.
\n9
\nReport on the CMAAO General Assembly Tokyo
\nand the JMA-JDN Forum
\nChiaki Mishima, MD*
\nformation of laws and
\nguidelines about end-of-life
\ncare. Country updates pre-
\nsented recent developments
\nin Asia. For example, the
\n\u201cPatient Autonomy Law\u201d,
\nwhich allows terminal pa-
\ntients to choose treatments
\nfor themselves, will be im-
\nplemented in the next year.
\nIn Korea, advance direc-
\ntives concerning life sup-
\nport treatment will be com-
\npiled in a national comput-
\ner database. (The publi-
\ncized content can be viewed
\nat the official CMAAO web-
\nsite: http:\/\/cmaao.org\/news\/
\nsymposium2017_32nd.html)
\nThe WMA is scheduled to
\nsummarize opinions from
\neach region and facilitate
\ndiscussions on the policy
\ndocument. We should be
\naware about this further
\ndevelopment. On the final
\nday, the Japan Medical As-
\nsociation (JMA) organized a
\ndinner party, and partici-
\npants, including Junior
\nDoctors Network
\n(JDN) members and Inter-
\nnational Federation of Med-
\nical Students\u2019 Associations
\n(IFMSA) medical students,
\nenjoyed cruising on the To-
\nkyo Bay. This allowed fur-
\nther exchanges and net-
\nworking with members of
\nthe Asian region.
\n3. The holding of the JMA-
\nJDN forum
\nSupported by the JMA and
\nthe Tokyo Medical Associa-
\ntion (TMA), the JMA-JDN
\nForum was held for physi-
\ncians and medical students
\nat the TMA hall after the
\nCMAAO General Assembly
\nended. A total of about 70
\npeople, including junior
\ndoctors and medical stu-
\ndents, participated in this
\nmeeting. The forum was
\ndivided into two parts. In
\nthe first half, JDN members
\nfrom Germany, South Ko-
\nrea, Myanmar, and Japan
\nmade speeches on the
\ntheme, \u201cGlobal Ca-
\nreer.\u201d (Speakers: Dr. Thor-
\nsten Hornung from Germa-
\nny, Dr. Yuji Jeong from
\nSouth Korea, Dr. Wuuna
\nTun from Myanmar, Dr.
\nMakiko Yamada and Dr.
\nHaruka Sakamoto from Ja-
\npan). In the second half, Dr.
\nOsamu Kunii, the head of
\nthe Strategy, Investment
\nand Impact Division of the
\nGlobal Fund, presented a
\nreflection about his career
\nand described his experi-
\nences that motivated him to
\nwork at an international
\norganization during his
\ntraining. He gave valuable
\nadvice to young physicians
\nand medical students,
\nwhich encouraged partici-
\npants to consider a career
\nin global health.
\n4. Future plan
\nFuture general assemblies
\nwill be held in Malaysia in
\n2018 (Theme: Universal
\nHealth Coverage), India in
\n2019, and Taiwan in 2020.
\nDiscussions about topics
\nrelative to the Asia-Pacific
\narea are very interesting
\nand seem to provide many
\nlearning opportunities to
\nyoung physicians. Under
\nthe cooperation of CMAAO
\nand the national medical
\nassociations of all coun-
\ntries, more medical stu-
\ndents and young physicians
\nhad opportunities to partic-
\nipate in this event than ev-
\n10
\nPicture 1: 32nd
\nCMAAO General Assembly and 53rd
\nCouncil Meeting (Tokyo, Japan)
\nAs dedicated medical profes-
\nsionals, you may encounter
\nthe same patients, hospital-
\nized in your clinical ward
\nonce, twice, or even more. In
\nspite of providing medical ad-
\nvice to maintain a healthy
\nlifestyle and cease any toxic
\nbehaviors, such as tobacco use
\nor binge drinking, some pa-
\ntients may not listen or follow
\nyour advice. Sometimes, they
\nmay argue with hospital staff
\nand consequently be escorted
\nfrom the hospital. However,
\nbecause of their deteriorating
\nsymptoms, their hospitaliza-
\ntion may repeat frequently.
\nAfter reading this clinical sce-
\nnario, do you think that our
\nhealth is our personal respon-
\nsibility? What actions can we
\ntake to help patients with re-
\npeated hospital visits and de-
\nteriorating health?
\nAccording to the World Health
\nOrganization (WHO), social
\ndeterminants of health (SDH)
\nare defined as: \u201cThe social de-
\nterminants of health are the
\nconditions in which people are
\nborn, grow, live, work and age.
\nThese circumstances are
\nshaped by the distribution of
\nmoney, power and resources at
\nglobal, national and local lev-
\nels. The social determinants of
\nhealth are mostly responsible
\nfor health inequities \u2212 the un-
\nfair and avoidable differences
\nin health status seen within
\nand between countries.\u201d(1)
\nAc-
\ncording to the SDH context,
\nour health is influenced by
\nsocio-economic status, em-
\nployment, religion, race,
\nchildhood environment, poli-
\ncy, and public participation.
\nHowever, what role does per-
\nsonal responsibility play?
\nSince effective change re-
\nquires a system-wide, multi-
\ner before, leading to an ex-
\npanded JDN network. By mak-
\ning use of this network, we
\nwould like to encourage more
\njunior doctors to participate
\nin the next CMAAO general
\nassembly and continue to in-
\nteract with WMA-JDN.
\n* Junior Resident of Toyo-
\nhashi Municipal Hospital,
\nAichi, Japan
\nsunfryer@gmail.com
\n11
\nSocial Determinants of Health: Beyond Borders
\nJumpei Shibata, MD*
\nPicture 2: JMA-JDN Forum (Tokyo, Japan)
\nlevel approach, the SDH
\nconcept should be incorpo-
\nrated into our daily clinical
\npractice and broader socie-
\ntal roles. However, future
\nactions by stakeholders,
\nsuch as health profession-
\nals and professional health
\nassociations, may be lim-
\nited by health expenditure,
\nleadership challenges, and
\nweak political will(2)
\n. On
\nthe other hand, since social
\nmovements have evolved
\nfrom one initiator with a
\nfew followers, young physi-
\ncians can be part of this
\nnational and global change.
\nIn efforts to increase
\nawareness of SDH and
\nhealth equities in medicine,
\nJunior Doctors Network, of
\nthe Japan Medical Associa-
\ntion (JMA-JDN), launched
\nthe SDH working group.
\nOur JMA-JDN meetings can
\nincorporate the findings of
\none scientific report, which
\ndescribed seven steps to
\nfacilitate sharing concepts,
\ninformation, and tasks(3)
\n.
\nIn 2017, JMA-JDN members
\ncoordinated two events. On
\nFebruary 12, 2017, the first
\nevent was an introductory
\nmeeting. On November 25,
\n2017, the second event was
\na special invited lecture by
\nSir Michael Marmot, inter-
\nnationally recognized for
\nhis epidemiological re-
\nsearch accomplishments
\nand leadership position as
\nChair of the WHO Commis-
\nsion on Social Determi-
\nnants of Health(4)
\n. Audience
\nparticipation was limited
\nto 30 people, in efforts to
\npromote a more focused,
\ninteractive discussion. Ta-
\nble 1 presents the event
\nschedule. The sessions in-
\ntegrated case presentations
\nto describe and discuss real
\n-life clinical scenarios in
\nmedical practice. For ex-
\nample, one case scenario
\nwas a 25-year-old woman
\nwho complained about a
\npersistent cough. In addi-
\ntion to her clinical symp-
\ntoms, she has faced multi-
\nple challenges in her home
\nand work environments
\nthat have affected her
\nhealth status.<\/p>\n

A 25-year-old woman visits
\nyour clinic because of a
\nprolonged cough. She is a
\nsingle mother who has
\nthree daughters (ages 5, 8,
\nand 10) and is a current
\nsmoker. She divorced her
\nhusband two years ago due
\nto domestic violence. After
\ngraduating from high
\nschool, she started provid-
\ned domestic cleaning ser-
\nvices in several neighbor-
\nhood houses. For the last
\nfive years, she and her sis-
\nter (age 30) have worked
\nas janitors in an office
\nbuilding. Her three chil-
\ndren attend elementary
\nschool during the day and
\nspend their leisure time
\nplaying video games. They
\nare not up-to-date on their
\nvaccination schedules. Liv-
\ning nearby, her father (age
\n50) is unemployed and a
\nformer smoker, currently
\non domiciliary oxygen ther-
\napy to manage his chronic
\nobstructive pulmonary dis-
\nease (COPD). Her mother
\n(age 45) is a shelf stocker
\nat a supermarket, suffering
\nfrom chronic lower back
\npain. As a child, she wit-
\nnessed domestic abuse,
\nwhere her father physically
\nabused her mother. Her
\nparents serve as caregivers
\nfor her paternal grandfa-
\nther (age 80), who is a cur-
\nrent smoker and alcoholic
\nand has been diagnosed
\nwith COPD and dementia.
\n12
\n10:00-10:05 Opening remarks from JMA-JDN Chair
\n10:05-10:15 Seminar overview: Brief introduction about SDH
\n10:15-10:25 Greeting from Sir Dr. Marmot
\n10:25-10:40 SDH case presentation
\n10:40-11:30 Small group discussion
\n11:30-11:50 Group presentation
\n11:50-11:55 Closing remarks from Sir Dr. Marmot
\n11:55-12:00 Wrap-up
\n12:00-12:10 Break
\n12:10-13:00 Luncheon discussion
\nTable 1: schedule
\nPicture: SDH Seminar
\nShe does not have a positive
\nrelationship with her parents
\nor grandfather.
\nAfter the case presentation,
\nFigure 1 was shared to display
\nher family chart. Participants
\ndiscussed the concept and role
\nof SDH in health and well-
\nbeing and facilitated an open
\ndialogue on how we can pro-
\nduce change in clinical prac-
\ntice. Throughout the session,
\nSir Marmot empowered us by
\nstating, \u201cYou are the educators
\nof the future.\u201d He continued to
\nsay, \u201cAs medical professionals
\nin society, our role requires us
\nto be a truth-teller. The truth
\nis our currency.\u201d Finally, he
\nrecommended that as health
\nprofessionals, we should de-
\ntermine the diagnosis of the
\nphysical or psychosocial
\nhealth risk, assess for any so-
\ncial or economic risks, and in-
\ntervene as needed during am-
\nbulatory care or hospitaliza-
\ntion.
\nOverwhelmed by the high pa-
\ntient flow to health facilities,
\nwe may overlook all possible
\ndisease causes(5)
\n. As medical
\nprofessionals, we must active-
\nly seek and identify health dis-
\nparities and subsequently take
\naction to improve health out-
\ncomes in all communities.
\nReferences
\n(1) World Health Organization. Social
\ndeterminants of health [Internet].
\n2018 [cited 2018 Jan 22]. Available
\nfrom:
\nhttp:\/\/www.who.int\/social_determinants\/
\nsdh_definition\/en\/.
\n(2) Thomas S. Doctors for health eq-
\nuity. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 22]. Availa-
\nble from:
\nhttp:\/\/www.instituteofhealthequity.org\/
\nresources-reports\/doctors-for-health-equity-
\nworld-medical-association-report\/doctors-for-
\nhealth-equity-wma-full-report-pdf.pdf.
\n(3) The Health Care Science Institute.
\n7 rules for the measurement against
\nhealth disparities [Japanese]. 2017
\n[cited 2018 Jan 22].
\nhttp:\/\/www.iken.org\/project\/sdh\/
\npdf\/17SDHpj_ver1_1_20170803.pdf
\n(4) World Health Organization. Social
\ndeterminants of health: Sir Michael
\nMarmot. 2008 [cited 2018 Jan 22].
\nAvailable from:
\nhttp:\/\/www.who.int\/social_determinants\/
\nthecommission\/marmot\/en\/
\n(5) McKinlay JB. A case for refocusing
\nupstream: The political economy of
\nillness. In: Gartley J, ed. Patients,
\nphysicians and illness: A sourcebook
\nin behavioral science and health. New
\nYork: Free Press; 1979; p. 9-25.
\n13
\nFigure 1: Family chart
\n14
\nWhen the call came from
\nMERCY Malaysia one fine day
\nin October 2017, I was caught
\noff-guard. They were seeking
\nmedical volunteers to Cox\u2019s
\nBazar, Bangladesh, in aid of
\nthe hundreds of thousands of
\nRohingya refugees who had
\nfled Myanmar for safety after
\nthe military crackdown.
\nI had yet to submit my leave
\nform, and even if I managed
\nto, I still had to get it ap-
\nproved. Time was running
\nout, and I had to provide a
\nquick reply. Just as I was
\nabout to give up, the green
\nlight came and everything just
\nfell into place. I was so excit-
\ned to be one step closer to
\nachieving my bucket list of
\nserving on a humanitarian
\nmission.
\nAs a newbie, I was at a loss as
\nto how to prepare for the trip.
\nFortunately, MERCY Malaysia,
\na humanitarian relief organi-
\nzation with 19 years of experi-
\nence, had everything worked
\nout. They provided me with a
\ncheck-list of essentials to
\nbring along, and arranged for
\na briefing at their headquar-
\nters, where I met my two oth-
\ner fellow comrades, a medical
\nofficer and an assistant medi-
\ncal officer. I was the youngest
\namong the three.
\nThe MERCY Malaysia staff re-
\npeatedly cautioned us to be
\nmentally prepared, as there
\nhad been cases in the past
\nwhere medical volunteers had
\nto return home when they
\nwere found to be mentally un-
\nfit for their mission. Braving
\nmyself for the worst, we
\nboarded the Malindo Air flight
\nto Dhaka.
\nUpon arrival, a MERCY Malay-
\nsia staff who had arrived ear-
\nlier received us at the airport.
\nDhaka was choked with heavy
\ntraffic – none of the drivers
\nobeyed traffic rules, and eve-
\nryone seemed to ignore the
\ntraffic lights. The loud horns
\nand massive potholes kept
\nawakening me rudely each
\ntime I dozed off due to jetlag.
\nWe arrived at a guesthouse
\nwith closed shutters, which
\nwe found later was a common
\nsecurity measure to prevent
\ntrafficking or kidnapping. We
\nwoke up the next morning to
\ncatch the flight to Cox\u2019s Bazar
\nafter a good breakfast.
\n* Malaysian Medical Associa-
\ntion
\nmyelone@hotmail.com
\nA Mission to Help the Rohingya Refugees
\nMyelone Tharmaseelan*
\n, MD
\nPicture 1: The MERCY Malaysia team
\nThe airport was dilapidated
\nand we had to carry our
\nbags from the aircraft, as
\nthe baggage carousel ser-
\nvice was non-functional.
\nThe distance from Dhaka to
\nCox\u2019s Bazar was 400 km,
\nand would have taken us 10
\nhours by vehicle. The flight
\nlasted only 50 minutes.
\nWe were among the first
\nforeign medical teams to
\narrive at the refugee
\ncamps. MERCY Malaysia\u2019s
\nprimary healthcare clinics
\nwere at the Balukali and
\nTenkali camps at that time,
\nand medical services were
\nprovided daily from 9am to
\n5pm. Each volunteer
\nworked on a two-week ro-
\ntation to avoid burn-out.
\nThe first day was a real eye
\nopener for me. As I waited
\nfor the others beside the
\nvan that would ferry us to
\nthe refugee camps, I had
\nbeen thinking that my
\nshoes would get dirty from
\nthe muddy streets. At that
\nmoment, a beggar crawled
\ntowards me barely wearing
\nany clothes, drenched in
\nsweat and soaked in mud,
\nextended his hands to ask
\nfor alms.
\nIt was heart-breaking when
\nI realized our 21st century
\nproblems barely scratched
\nthe surface. My problems
\nwere miniscule in compari-
\nson, and I realized we are
\nso preoccupied with mate-
\nrialistic gains that we for-
\nget to appreciate the little
\nthings in life. This man was
\nnot even a Rohingyan, as
\nmuch of Bangladesh is also
\nswaddled in poverty.
\nI was appalled by what I
\nsaw at the refugee camp.
\nThe densely populated area
\nhad hardly any amenity,
\nand no words or pictures
\ncould describe the suffer-
\ning I witnessed. The refu-
\ngees were living in condi-
\ntions below any interna-
\ntionally acceptable levels.
\nBy the time we arrived at
\nour clinic, over 50 patients
\nwere already waiting. We
\nswung into action immedi-
\nately with the help of
\ntranslators provided by our
\nlocal non-governmental
\norganization, COAST Trust.
\nDue to the limited re-
\nsources, initially we were
\nonly able to provide symp-
\ntomatic treatment. The de-
\n15
\nPicture 2: Dispensing medication at our clinic
\nPicture 3: Taking Shelter
\nmand for medical care was
\noverwhelming, that we ran
\nout of drugs on the first
\nday after just three hours
\nof service. The daily influx
\nof about 2000 refugees per
\nday complicated the situa-
\ntion, adding to our frustra-
\ntion. The conditions eased
\nlater on, as the organiza-
\ntion managed to secure ad-
\nditional funding and medi-
\ncines.
\nThe Balukali camp was
\nbusier than the Tenkali
\ncamp, where we examined
\nan average of 400 patients
\na day. The situation at the
\ncamp was chaotic, where
\nthe refugees often fought
\nto skip the queues for med-
\nical treatment. They were
\nimpatient and restless un-
\nsure of the fate that await-
\ned them if they were forced
\nto return to their home-
\nland.
\nThe most common condi-
\ntions treated were gastro-
\nenteritis, upper respiratory
\ntract infections, skin dis-
\neases and malnutrition.
\nHealthcare for the Rohing-
\nya seemed to be a privilege
\nrather than a necessity,
\nwhich again made me real-
\nize how lucky we are to
\nhave access to quality
\nhealthcare back home. For
\nsome Rohingyans, it was
\nthe first time they ever saw
\na doctor.
\nThe Rohingyans share a
\nbleak future, unlike most of
\nus who are empowered to
\ncontrol our lives with edu-
\ncation, which allows us the
\nluxury of vision and ambi-
\ntion. For them, just getting
\nthrough another day is an
\nissue, not to mention get-
\nting a job, food or shelter.
\nThe condition at the camps
\nin Cox\u2019s Bazar continues to
\nchange from month to
\nmonth, but seasoned hu-
\nmanitarian organizations
\nsuch as MERCY Malaysia
\npredicts that it would take
\n\u201cEvery small effort will make a difference
\nin the lives of the Rohingyans \u201d
\n16
\nPicture 4: Hardship made a 33-
\nyear-old look much older
\nPicture 5: Densely populated refugee camps
\nyears before any form of
\nresolution could be
\nreached. According to the
\nUnited Nations High Com-
\nmissioner for Refugees
\n(UNHCR), it could take up
\nto 17 years for any refugee
\ncrisis to settle.
\nFor now, MERCY Malaysia
\nwill continue providing
\nmedical services for as
\nlong as possible, with the
\nlatest being the establish-
\nment of a Maternal and
\nChild Healthcare Clinic to
\nserve the needs of the
\nwomen and children.
\nWith safety and security
\nbeing a serious issue, the
\norganization has also set
\nin place plans to establish
\nChild-Friendly Spaces
\n(CFS) and Women and
\nGirls Safe Spaces for
\nwomen and children.
\nThese include places
\nwhere they can seek ref-
\nuge or assistance when
\nthey feel threatened, or
\nsimply need somewhere
\nsafe to learn and interact
\nwith others.
\nThe refugee problem ap-
\npears enormous, and
\nmany would simply stay
\naway thinking that little
\nhelp would appear like a
\ndrop in a vast ocean. How-
\never, every small effort
\nwill make a difference in
\nthe lives of the Rohing-
\nyans, who are described
\nas the \u2018most persecuted
\npeople in the world\u2019.
\nTeachers, journalists,
\nmedical and non-medical
\npersonnel could all play a
\npart in helping this mar-
\nginalized community and
\nbring some dignity and
\nhope to them, even for a
\nmoment, day, week or
\nmonth. Everyone can be of
\nhelp in their respective
\ncapacities.
\nThe mission had been a
\nlife-changing experience
\nfor me, as it changed my
\nperspective and views
\nabout life. Providing ser-
\nvice to humanity is like
\nproviding service to God.
\nThe satisfaction from
\ntouching the lives of those
\nvulnerable people rein-
\nforced my commitment to
\nmore humanitarian work
\nin the near future. I re-
\nturned home, not only a
\nbetter doctor but also a
\nbetter human being.
\n17
\n\u201cThe mission had been a life-changing experience for me,
\nas it changed my perspective and views about life.\u201d
\nPicture 6: Examining a patient
\nThe Junior Doctors Network (JDN) this
\nyear celebrated its 7th
\nanniversary. This
\nadventure started in 2010 in Vancouver,
\nand has continued to grow exponentially.
\nEvery day, more young doctors are joining
\nthe JDN to connect with colleagues and
\nwork towards matters of interest to them
\nlocally and nationally, but also current is-
\nsues in the global health realm.
\nInternally, last year has seen tremendous
\nprogress towards an increase in standardi-
\nzation of processes in this rapidly growing
\norganization, widened engagement within
\nthe World Medical Association (WMA), and
\nsuccessful partnerships to improve the
\nquality and content of our meetings.
\nOn the external front, the JDN is increas-
\ningly recognized as an important player on
\nvarious advocacy matters relating to Phy-
\nsician Wellbeing, Medical Education, Anti-
\nmicrobial Resistance to name a few.
\nThis year again, I would like us to remem-
\nber the mission we set for our network to:
\n\u201cEmpower young physicians to work to-
\ngether towards a healthier world through
\nadvocacy, education and international col-
\nlaboration\u201d.
\nI am looking forward to another great year
\nfor the JDN, with an increase in collabora-
\ntion with existing regional platforms, new
\npartnerships, but more importantly to
\nbring your voice forward in matters of im-
\nportance to you.
\nPlease remember that the JDN team is al-
\nways open to your suggestions and feed-
\nback.
\nLooking forward to meeting many of you
\nin Riga.
\n18
\nA Word from the Chair
\nCaline S. Mattar, MD
\nChair, Junior Doctors Network,
\nWorld Medical Association
\nDear colleagues from around the world,
\nI welcome you to the 13th
\nissue of the Jun-
\nior Doctors Network (JDN) newsletter, our
\ntrademark editorial and academic collabo-
\nration. I am very pleased to be part of the
\nPublications Team, as we work hard to
\ncontinue the legacy and raise awareness
\non important global issues for junior doc-
\ntors and stakeholders across all sectors
\nand disciplines.
\nThe newsletter aims to enlighten, provide
\nadditional insight, and create a virtual link
\nand identity among junior doctors world-
\nwide. We are encouraged to facilitate the
\nacademic dialogue by preparing articles
\nabout emerging medical trends and chal-
\nlenges facing doctors across the world.
\nI would like to acknowledge the Publica-
\ntions Director (2017-2018), Dr. Kazuhiro
\nAbe, for his concerted efforts in driving
\nthe editorial process as well as my prede-
\ncessor Dr. Mardelangel Zapata Ponze de
\nLe\u00f3n (2016-2017) for her guidance. We
\nhope that you will enjoy reading this edi-
\ntion.
\n19
\nWords from the Communications Desk
\nChibuzo Ndiokwelu, MD
\nCommunications Director, Junior Doctors Network,
\nWorld Medical Association
\nMy fellow Hippocratic brethren,
\n20
\nJDN Newsletter is a communication place to
\nshare our views
\nKazuhiro Abe, MD
\nPublications Director, Junior Doctors Network,
\nWorld Medical Association
\nI am pleased to deliver the 13th issue of
\nthe Junior Doctors Network (JDN) News-
\nletter to junior doctors around the world.
\nAs one of our essential communication
\ntools, this newsletter provides an oppor-
\ntunity to learn about the scientific per-
\nspectives and related activities of junior
\ndoctors from other countries. The content
\ntends to focus on topics that were not elab-
\norated on during the proceedings of the
\nJDN online monthly meetings or the World
\nMedical Association (WMA) General As-
\nsembly and Council Meetings.
\nIn addition to the reliable scientific jour-
\nnals and news media across the world, the
\nJDN Newsletter provides an open forum
\nfor junior doctors to share their individual
\nperspectives and coordinated health initia-
\ntives. Since junior doctors are aware of the
\nlocal environmental, health, political and
\nsocial determinants that influence health,
\ntheir contribution to the JDN Newsletter
\nwould add value and insight for all read-
\ners. Hence, I am passionate about creating
\na safe communication space, where junior
\ndoctors can express their views and share
\ntheir experiences.
\nIn publishing this issue, I sincerely express
\nmy appreciation for the efforts of all edi-
\ntors of the JDN publications team, officials
\nof the JDN management team, and leaders
\nof the WMA. Please enjoy the articles pub-
\nlished in this 13th
\nissue.
\nDear JDN colleagues,
\nCaline S. Mattar, MD
\nChibuzo Ndiokwelu, MD
\nHelena Chapman, MD, PhD, MPH
\nKonstantinos Roditis, MD, MSc
\nMariam Parwaiz, MD
\nMineyoshi Sato, MD
\nRicardo Correa, MD, EsD
\nWunna Tun, MBBS, MD
\n(alphabetical order)
\nEditors in the Publications Team 2017-2018
\nThe Junior Doctors Net-
\nwork (JDN) is made up
\nof junior doctors who in-
\ndependently join the
\nWorld Medical Associa-
\ntion (WMA) as Associate
\nMembers, although many
\nare also representatives
\nof their respective Na-
\ntional Medical Associa-
\ntions.
\nIts mission is:
\n\u201cEmpowering young phy-
\nsicians to work together
\ntowards a healthier world
\nthrough advocacy, educa-
\ntion and international col-
\nlaboration\u201d.
\nJunior Doctors Network
\nNewsletter
\n13th issue
\nISSN (print) 2415-1122
\nISSN (online) 2312-220x
\nPublished by the Junior
\nDoctors Network, World
\nMedical Association on
\nApril, 2018.
\nOpinions expressed in this
\nnewsletter do not neces-
\nsarily reflect WMA and
\nJDN policy or positions.
\nContact:
\njdn@wma.net
\nJunior Doctors Leadership 2017-2018
\nJapan
\nKazuhiro Abe
\nPublications Director
\nCaline S. Mattar
\nChair
\nLebanon
\nChukwuma Oraegbunam
\nDeputy Chair
\nNigeria
\nKonstantinos Roditis
\nSecretary
\nGreece
\nYassen Tcholakov
\nSocio-Medical Affairs Officer Chair
\nCanada
\nAudrey Chloe Fontaine
\nEducation Director
\nFrance
\nSydney Chileshe
\nMedical Ethics Officer
\nZambia
\nChiaki Mishima
\nMembership Director
\nJapan
\nChibuzo Obiora Ndiokwelu
\nCommunications Director
\nNigeria
\n21
\nAhmet Murt
\nImmediate Past Chair
\nTurkey
\nPaxton Bach
\nImmediate Past Deputy Chair
\nCanada<\/p>\n"},"caption":{"rendered":"

Junior Doctors Network Newsletter Index Junior Doctors tackled Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) at their Annual Meeting in Chicago ………………1 WMA JDN Working Condition Work- ing Group ……………………………7 The Value of Leadership in Medicine: Caring Physicians of the World Lead- ership Course ………………………8 Report on the CMAAO General As- sembly Tokyo and the JMA-JDN Fo- rum …………………………………….9 […]<\/p>\n"},"alt_text":"","media_type":"file","mime_type":"application\/pdf","media_details":{"sizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"JDN_13NL_20180323-pdf-106x150.jpg","width":106,"height":150,"mime_type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/JDN_13NL_20180323-pdf-106x150.jpg"},"medium":{"file":"JDN_13NL_20180323-pdf-212x300.jpg","width":212,"height":300,"mime_type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/JDN_13NL_20180323-pdf-212x300.jpg"},"large":{"file":"JDN_13NL_20180323-pdf-724x1024.jpg","width":724,"height":1024,"mime_type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/JDN_13NL_20180323-pdf-724x1024.jpg"},"full":{"file":"JDN_13NL_20180323-pdf.jpg","width":1058,"height":1497,"mime_type":"application\/pdf","source_url":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/JDN_13NL_20180323-pdf.jpg"}}},"post":null,"source_url":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/JDN_13NL_20180323.pdf","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10667"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/attachment"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wma.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10667"}]}}